Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gullōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *gʰl̥néh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to *galaną, *gellaną (“to yell”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣul.lɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*gullōną

1. to shout, sing

Inflection

The original paradigm likely consisted of singular *gull- against non-singular *gul-.

Conjugation of *gullōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gullō	*gullǭ	—	*gullōi	?
2nd singular	*gullōsi	*gullōs	*gullō	*gullōsai	*gullōsau
3rd singular	*gullōþi	*gullō	*gullōþau	*gullōþai	*gullōþau
1st dual	*gullōs	*gullōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*gullōþiz	*gullōþiz	*gullōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*gullōmaz	*gullōm	—	*gullōnþai	*gullōnþau
2nd plural	*gullōþ	*gullōþ	*gullōþ	*gullōnþai	*gullōnþau
3rd plural	*gullōnþi	*gullōn	*gullōnþau	*gullōnþai	*gullōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gullōdǭ	*gullōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*gullōdēz	*gullōdēdīz
3rd singular	*gullōdē	*gullōdēdī
1st dual	*gullōdēdū	*gullōdēdīw
2nd dual	*gullōdēdudiz	*gullōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*gullōdēdum	*gullōdēdīm
2nd plural	*gullōdēdud	*gullōdēdīd
3rd plural	*gullōdēdun	*gullōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*gullōndz	*gullōdaz

Descendants

• Old Norse: *golla
  • Norwegian: golle

References

• Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN