Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fastijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *fastuz (“fixed, firm”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸɑs.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fastijaną

1. to fasten

Inflection

Conjugation of *fastijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fastijō	*fastijaų	—	*fastijai	?
2nd singular	*fastīsi	*fastijais	*fastī	*fastijasai	*fastijaisau
3rd singular	*fastīþi	*fastijai	*fastijaþau	*fastijaþai	*fastijaiþau
1st dual	*fastijōs	*fastijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fastijaþiz	*fastijaiþiz	*fastijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*fastijamaz	*fastijaim	—	*fastijanþai	*fastijainþau
2nd plural	*fastīþ	*fastijaiþ	*fastīþ	*fastijanþai	*fastijainþau
3rd plural	*fastijanþi	*fastijain	*fastijanþau	*fastijanþai	*fastijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fastidǭ	*fastidēdį̄
2nd singular	*fastidēz	*fastidēdīz
3rd singular	*fastidē	*fastidēdī
1st dual	*fastidēdū	*fastidēdīw
2nd dual	*fastidēdudiz	*fastidēdīdiz
1st plural	*fastidēdum	*fastidēdīm
2nd plural	*fastidēdud	*fastidēdīd
3rd plural	*fastidēdun	*fastidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*fastijandz	*fastidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *fastijan
  • Old English: fæstan
    • English: fast
  • Old Frisian: festa
  • Old Saxon: festian
  • Old Dutch: festen
    • Middle Dutch: vesten
      • Dutch: vesten
  • Old High German: festen
• Old Norse: festa
  • Icelandic: festa
  • Faroese: festa
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: festa (“to fasten”)
  • Swedish: fästa
  • Danish: fæste
    • Norwegian Bokmål: feste (“to fasten, to copyhold”)
    • → Norwegian Nynorsk: festa (“to copyhold”)