Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dammijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *dammaz (“dam”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɑm.mi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*dammijaną

1. (transitive) to dam

Inflection

Conjugation of *dammijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*dammijō	*dammijaų	—	*dammijai	?
2nd singular	*dammīsi	*dammijais	*dammī	*dammijasai	*dammijaisau
3rd singular	*dammīþi	*dammijai	*dammijaþau	*dammijaþai	*dammijaiþau
1st dual	*dammijōs	*dammijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*dammijaþiz	*dammijaiþiz	*dammijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*dammijamaz	*dammijaim	—	*dammijanþai	*dammijainþau
2nd plural	*dammīþ	*dammijaiþ	*dammīþ	*dammijanþai	*dammijainþau
3rd plural	*dammijanþi	*dammijain	*dammijanþau	*dammijanþai	*dammijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*dammidǭ	*dammidēdį̄
2nd singular	*dammidēz	*dammidēdīz
3rd singular	*dammidē	*dammidēdī
1st dual	*dammidēdū	*dammidēdīw
2nd dual	*dammidēdudiz	*dammidēdīdiz
1st plural	*dammidēdum	*dammidēdīm
2nd plural	*dammidēdud	*dammidēdīd
3rd plural	*dammidēdun	*dammidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*dammijandz	*dammidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *dammijan
  • Old English: *demman
    • Middle English: demmen, dammen
      • English: dam
      • Early Scots: dem, daime
        • Scots: dem, daim
    • ⇒ Old English: fordemman
  • Old Frisian: demma, damma
  • Old Saxon: *demmian
    • Middle Low German: demmen, dammen
      • German Low German: dämmen, dammen
  • Old Dutch: *demmen, *dammon
    • Middle Dutch: *demmen, dammen
      • Dutch: dammen
  • Old High German: *temmen
    • ⇒ Old High German: bitemmen
    • Middle High German: temmen
      • German: dämmen
• Old Norse: demma
  • Icelandic: demma
  • Faroese: demma
  • Norwegian: demme
  • Old Swedish: dæmma
    • Swedish: dämma
  • Old Danish: dæmmæ
    • Danish: dæmme
  • Gutnish: däme, däm', däma
• Gothic: *𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*dammjan)
  • ⇒ Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (faurdammjan)