Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/buttōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *buttōþi ~ *butunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *bʰud-nā́-ti ~ *bʰud-un-ánti, iterative to *bautaną (“to beat”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbut.tɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*buttōną

1. to shove, hit

Inflection

The original Germanic paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *butt- against non-singular *bud-.

Conjugation of *buttōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*buttō	*buttǭ	—	*buttōi	?
2nd singular	*buttōsi	*buttōs	*buttō	*buttōsai	*buttōsau
3rd singular	*buttōþi	*buttō	*buttōþau	*buttōþai	*buttōþau
1st dual	*buttōs	*buttōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*buttōþiz	*buttōþiz	*buttōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*buttōmaz	*buttōm	—	*buttōnþai	*buttōnþau
2nd plural	*buttōþ	*buttōþ	*buttōþ	*buttōnþai	*buttōnþau
3rd plural	*buttōnþi	*buttōn	*buttōnþau	*buttōnþai	*buttōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*buttōdǭ	*buttōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*buttōdēz	*buttōdēdīz
3rd singular	*buttōdē	*buttōdēdī
1st dual	*buttōdēdū	*buttōdēdīw
2nd dual	*buttōdēdudiz	*buttōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*buttōdēdum	*buttōdēdīm
2nd plural	*buttōdēdud	*buttōdēdīd
3rd plural	*buttōdēdun	*buttōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*buttōndz	*buttōdaz

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: botten
• Alsatian: butzen
  • Bavarian: herbutzen (beat up)
• Norwegian: butta

References

• Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 86