Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/barugaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *bʰoru-ḱos. For the root, compare Russian бо́ров (bórov, “hog, castrated boar”); for the suffix, compare *elhaz (“elk”), *selhaz (“seal”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (“bear”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑ.ru.ɣɑz/

Noun

*barugaz m

1. barrow, castrated boar

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *barugaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*barugaz	*barugōz, *barugōs
vocative	*barug	*barugōz, *barugōs
accusative	*barugą	*baruganz
genitive	*barugas, *barugis	*barugǫ̂
dative	*barugai	*barugamaz
instrumental	*barugō	*barugamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *barug
  • Old English: bearg, bærh, bearh, bearug, bęrg, berg — Northumbrian
    • Middle English: barow, bareȝ, bareh, barew, barwe, borwȝ
      • English: barrow
  • Old Frisian: barch
    • Saterland Frisian: Baarch
    • West Frisian: baarch
  • Old Saxon: barug
    • Middle Low German: borch
      • German Low German: Barg
  • Old Dutch: barcho
    • Middle Dutch: barch, barech
      • Dutch: barg
        • Afrikaans: burg
  • Old High German: barug, barh
    • Middle High German: barc
      • German: Barg, Barch (dialectal)
• Old Norse: bǫrgr

References

• Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN