Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/andastandaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *anda- +‎ *standaną.

Verb

*andastandaną

1. to stand against, to oppose
2. to withstand, to resist

Conjugation

Present tense with n-infix.

Conjugation of *andastandaną (strong class 6)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*andastandō	*andastandaų	—	*andastandai	?
2nd singular	*andastandizi	*andastandaiz	*andastand	*andastandazai	*andastandaizau
3rd singular	*andastandidi	*andastandai	*andastandadau	*andastandadai	*andastandaidau
1st dual	*andastandōz	*andastandaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*andastandadiz	*andastandaidiz	*andastandadiz	—	—
1st plural	*andastandamaz	*andastandaim	—	*andastandandai	*andastandaindau
2nd plural	*andastandid	*andastandaid	*andastandid	*andastandandai	*andastandaindau
3rd plural	*andastandandi	*andastandain	*andastandandau	*andastandandai	*andastandaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*andastōþ	*andastōdį̄
2nd singular	*andastōst	*andastōdīz
3rd singular	*andastōþ	*andastōdī
1st dual	*andastōdū	*andastōdīw
2nd dual	*andastōdudiz	*andastōdīdiz
1st plural	*andastōdum	*andastōdīm
2nd plural	*andastōdud	*andastōdīd
3rd plural	*andastōdun	*andastōdīn
	present	past
participles	*andastandandz	*andastadanaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *andastandan
  • Old Frisian: undstanda, undstonda, andstanda, andstonda
  • Old Saxon: andstandan, antstandan
  • Old Dutch: *antstandan
    • Middle Dutch: ontstanden
  • Old High German: intstantan
    • ⇒ Old High German: *intstantunga
      • Middle High German: entstandunge
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (andstandan)