Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/īsāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *īsą (“ice”) +‎ *-āną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈī.sɑː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*īsāną

1. to become covered with ice, to freeze over

Inflection

Conjugation of *īsāną (weak class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*īsō	?	—	?	?
2nd singular	*īsaisi	?	*īsai	*īsāsai	?
3rd singular	*īsaiþi	?	*īsāþau	*īsāþai	?
1st dual	*īsōs	?	—	—	—
2nd dual	*īsāþiz	?	*īsāþiz	—	—
1st plural	*īsāmaz	?	—	*īsānþai	?
2nd plural	*īsaiþ	?	*īsaiþ	*īsānþai	?
3rd plural	*īsānþi	?	*īsānþau	*īsānþai	?
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*īsadǭ	*īsadēdį̄
2nd singular	*īsadēz	*īsadēdīz
3rd singular	*īsadē	*īsadēdī
1st dual	*īsadēdū	*īsadēdīw
2nd dual	*īsadēdudiz	*īsadēdīdiz
1st plural	*īsadēdum	*īsadēdīm
2nd plural	*īsadēdud	*īsadēdīd
3rd plural	*īsadēdun	*īsadēdīn
	present	past
participles	*īsāndz	*īsadaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *īsēn
  • Old English: *īsian
    • Middle English: īsen
  • Old Frisian: *īsia
    • West Frisian: iizje
  • Old Saxon: *īsōn
    • Middle Low German: īsen
  • Old Dutch: *īson
    • Middle Dutch: *isen
      • Dutch: ijzen
        • Afrikaans: ys
  • Old High German: īsēn
    • Middle High German: īsen
      • German: eisen
• Old Norse: ísa
  • Faroese: ísa
  • Icelandic: ísa