Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/jo

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *ju. Not related to *joka.

Adverb

*jo

1. already

Descendants

• Estonian: ju
• Finnish: jo
• Ingrian: jo
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: jo
  • South Karelian: jo
• Livonian: jo, ju
• Livvi: jo
• Ludian: d'o
• Veps: jo
• Võro: jo, joq
• Votic: jo

Further reading

• “ju”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “jo”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN