Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-nut

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

The final *-Ut may be the same as the adjectival suffix *-ut, and possibly also be shared with *-ttu, especially if it was originally *-t'ut as more recent evidence would suggest. If so, the suffix is *-n(V)-ut. The origin of the initial part is not known, but it is not impossible that it is simply, or is related to, the suffix *-na, either in the locative or diminutive sense, or to the genitive ending *-n (the Uralic genitive ending may have had multiple uses as an adjectival and adverbial suffix).

Suffix

*-nut / *-nüt

1. (having) -ed; forms the past (active) participle, which is used as an adjective.

Inflection

Inflection of *-nut

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*-nut	*-nudët
accusative		*-nudën	*-nudët
genitive		*-nudën	*-nut'ën *-nucidën
partitive		*-nutta	*-nucida
inessive		*-nudëssa *-nudëhna	*-nucissa *-nucihna
elative		*-nudësta	*-nucista
illative		*-nutëhën	*-nucihën
adessive		*-nudëlla	*-nucilla
ablative		*-nudëlta	*-nucilta
allative		*-nutëlën *-nutëlëk	*-nucilën *-nucilëk
essive		*-nunna	*-nucina
translative		*-nudëksi	*-nuciksi
instructive		*-nudën	*-nucin
comitative		*-nunnëk	*-nucinëk
abessive		*-nudëtta	*-nucitta

Usage notes

• After verb stems ending in *-l, *-n or *-s, *-nut is assimilated to the preceding consonant (*tuldak → *tullut, *pagët'ak (stem *pakene-)→ *pagënnut).
• After verb stems ending in -t, the consonant is assimilated to the suffix *-nut (*hauk'ait'ak (stem *haukkaita-)→ *hauk'ainnut).

Descendants

• Estonian: -nud
• Finnish: -nut
• Ingrian: -nt, -nut
• Karelian: -nut
• Livvi: -nuh
• Veps: -nud
• Võro: -nuq
• Votic: -nut