Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/togīti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *stog-éye-ti, an o-grade iterative formed to the root *(s)teg- (“to cover”).^[1]

Verb

*togīti^[1]^[2]

to cover
to roof, thatch

Inflection

Ī-present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*togeyū	*togīmam	?	?
2nd singular	*togīsi	*togītās	?	?
3rd singular	*togīti	*togīto	?	?
1st plural	*togeyomosi	*togīmo	?	?
2nd plural	*togītesi	*togīstē	?	?
3rd plural	*togeyonti	*togīnto	?	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	?	—
2nd singular	?	?	*togī
3rd singular	?	?	*togītou
1st plural	?	?	*togeyomos
2nd plural	?	?	*togīte
3rd plural	?	?	*togeyontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*togeyūr	—	?	?
2nd singular	*togītar	—	?	?
3rd singular	*togītor	?	?	?
1st plural	*togeyommor	—	?	?
2nd plural	*togīdwe	—	?	?
3rd plural	*togeyontor	?	?	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	—	—
2nd singular	?	—	—
3rd singular	?	—	—
1st plural	?	—	—
2nd plural	?	—	—
3rd plural	?	—	—

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*togetos	*togetou	*togetoi
vocative	*togete	*togetou	*togetoi
accusative	*togetom	*togetou	*togetoms
genitive	*togetī	*togetous	*togetom
dative	*togetūi	*togetobom	*togetobos
instrumental	*togetū	*togetobim	*togetobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*togetā	*togetai	*togetās
vocative	*togetā	*togetai	*togetās
accusative	*togetam	*togetai	*togetams
genitive	*togetās	*togetous	*togetom
dative	*togetai	*togetābom	*togetābos
instrumental	*?	*togetābim	*togetābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*togetom	*togetou	*togetā
vocative	*togetom	*togetou	*togetā
accusative	*togetom	*togetou	*togetā
genitive	*togetī	*togetous	*togetom
dative	*togetūi	*togetobom	*togetobos
instrumental	*togetū	*togetobim	*togetobis

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *töɣid
- Breton: (normalized) teiñ, (early) tei
- Middle Cornish: ty
  - Cornish: ti (“to roof”)
- Middle Welsh: toi
  - Welsh: toi
Old Irish: tuigithir, ⇒ in·tuigethar, imm·tuigethar
- Middle Irish: tuigithir
  - Scottish Gaelic: tugh

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Le Mair, Esther (2011 September 30) Secondary Verbs in Old Irish: A comparative-historical study of patterns of verbal derivation in the Old Irish Glosses, Galway: National University of Ireland, page 254
^ Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2008) “Middle Breton leiff, Middle Cornish ly ‘Breakfast, Lunch’”, in Keltische Forschungen, volume 3, Vienna: Praesens Verlag, pages 89-102

[Le_Mair-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Le Mair, Esther (2011 September 30) Secondary Verbs in Old Irish: A comparative-historical study of patterns of verbal derivation in the Old Irish Glosses, Galway: National University of Ireland, page 254

[2] Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2008) “Middle Breton leiff, Middle Cornish ly ‘Breakfast, Lunch’”, in Keltische Forschungen, volume 3, Vienna: Praesens Verlag, pages 89-102

[1]

[2]