Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/taketi

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tak-, the source of Latin taceo (“I am silent”), Proto-Germanic *þagjaną (“to be silent”).

Verb

*taketi

1. to choke, strangle

Inflection

Thematic present
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*takū	*takemam	?	—
2nd singular	*takesi	*taketās	?	—
3rd singular	*taketi	*taketo	?	—
1st plural	*takomosi	*takemo	?	—
2nd plural	*taketesi	*takestē	?	—
3rd plural	*takonti	*takento	?	—
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	?	—
2nd singular	?	?	*take
3rd singular	?	?	*taketou
1st plural	?	?	*takomos
2nd plural	?	?	*takete
3rd plural	?	?	*takontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*takūr	—	?	—
2nd singular	*taketar	—	?	—
3rd singular	*taketor	?	?	—
1st plural	*takommor	—	?	—
2nd plural	*takedwe	—	?	—
3rd plural	*takontor	?	?	—
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	—	—
2nd singular	?	—	—
3rd singular	?	—	—
1st plural	?	—	—
2nd plural	?	—	—
3rd plural	?	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*takonts	*takonte	*takontes
vocative	*takonts	*takonte	*takontes
accusative	*takontam	*takonte	*takontans
genitive	*takantos	*?	*takantom
dative	*takantei	*takantbom	*takantbos
instrumental	*takantī?	*takantbim	*takantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*takantī	*takantī	*takantiyās
vocative	*takantī	*takantī	*takantiyās
accusative	*takantīm	*takantī	*takantiyans
genitive	*takantyās	*?	*takantyom
dative	*takantyāi	*takantyābom	*takantyābos
instrumental	*?	*takantyābim	*takantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*takont	*?	*takonta
vocative	*takont	*?	*takonta
accusative	*takont	*?	*takonta
genitive	*takantos	*?	*takantom
dative	*takantei	*?	*takantbos
instrumental	*takantī?	*?	*takantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*takomnos	*takomnou	*takomnoi
vocative	*takomne	*takomnou	*takomnoi
accusative	*takomnom	*takomnou	*takomnons
genitive	*takomnī	*takomnous	*takomnom
dative	*takomnūi	*takomnobom	*takomnobos
instrumental	*takomnū	*takomnobim	*takomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*takomnā	*takomnai	*takomnās
vocative	*takomnā	*takomnai	*takomnās
accusative	*takomnam	*takomnai	*takomnans
genitive	*takomnās	*takomnous	*takomnom
dative	*takomnai	*takomnābom	*takomnābos
instrumental	*?	*takomnābim	*takomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*takomnom	*takomnou	*takomnā
vocative	*takomnom	*takomnou	*takomnā
accusative	*takomnom	*takomnou	*takomnā
genitive	*takomnī	*takomnous	*takomnom
dative	*takomnūi	*takomnobom	*takomnobos
instrumental	*takomnū	*takomnobim	*takomnobis

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*taxtos	*taxtou	*taxtoi
vocative	*taxte	*taxtou	*taxtoi
accusative	*taxtom	*taxtou	*taxtons
genitive	*taxtī	*taxtous	*taxtom
dative	*taxtūi	*taxtobom	*taxtobos
instrumental	*taxtū	*taxtobim	*taxtobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*taxtā	*taxtai	*taxtās
vocative	*taxtā	*taxtai	*taxtās
accusative	*taxtam	*taxtai	*taxtans
genitive	*taxtās	*taxtous	*taxtom
dative	*taxtai	*taxtābom	*taxtābos
instrumental	*?	*taxtābim	*taxtābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*taxtom	*taxtou	*taxtā
vocative	*taxtom	*taxtou	*taxtā
accusative	*taxtom	*taxtou	*taxtā
genitive	*taxtī	*taxtous	*taxtom
dative	*taxtūi	*taxtobom	*taxtobos
instrumental	*taxtū	*taxtobim	*taxtobis

Reconstruction notes

Matasović's reconstruction *tageti is erroneous, as intervocalic -g- is normally deleted in Brittonic, not retained.

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic:
  • Middle Breton: tagu
    • Breton: tago
  • Cornish: tage
  • Middle Welsh: tagu
    • Welsh: tagu
• ⇒ Old Irish: tachtaid (from past participle stem)
  • Irish: tacht