Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sweidus

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

U-stem derivative of Proto-Indo-European *sweyd- (“to sweat”).

Noun

*sweidus m

1. swelling

Inflection

Masculine/feminine u-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sweidus	*sweidū	*sweidowes
vocative	*sweidu	*sweidū	*sweidūs
accusative	*sweidum	*sweidū	*sweidums
genitive	*sweidous	*sweidous	*sweidowom
dative	*sweidou	*sweidubom	*sweidubos
locative	*?	*?	*?
instrumental	*sweidū	*sweidubim	*sweidubis

Reconstruction notes

• Matasović reconstructs *sweidus only for Goidelic based on the genitive singular siada there, but there is no phonetic reason why the Brittonic nouns cannot also come from this u-stem.
• The unlenited -d-, -t- in Goidelic is irregular. It is probably due to the influence of derivatives of *swizdeti (“to blow”).

Related terms

• *sweideti

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *hwuɨð
  • Breton: c'hwez (“air used to inflate something, swelling, vanity”)
    • ⇒ Breton: c'hwezañ
  • Middle Welsh: chwyd
    • Welsh: chwydd
• Goidelic:
  • Classical Gaelic: siat, siad
  • Irish: siad (“swelling”)