Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/sannati

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *senh₂- (“to reach, find, attain”).

Verb

*sannati

1. to reach

Inflection

Nasal-infix athematic present with stem ablaut to an h₂-final root, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*sannāmi	*sannamam	*sisnāsū	*sesona
2nd singular	*sannāsi	*sannatās	*sisnāsesi	*sesonas?
3rd singular	*sannāti	*sannato	*sisnāseti	*sesone
1st plural	*sannamosi	*sannamo	*sisnāsomosi	*sesonmo
2nd plural	*sannatesi	*sannastē	*sisnāsetesi	*sesone
3rd plural	*sannanti	*sannanto	*sisnāsonti	*sesonars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*sanasū	?	—
2nd singular	*sanasesi	?	*sannā
3rd singular	*sanaseti	?	*sannātou
1st plural	*sanasomosi	?	*sannamos
2nd plural	*sanasetesi	?	*sannate
3rd plural	*sanasonti	?	*sannantou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*sannār	—	*sisnāsūr	*sesonra
2nd singular	*sannātar	—	*sisnāsetar	*sesonras?
3rd singular	*sannātor	?	*sisnāsetor	*sesonre
1st plural	*sannammor	—	*sisnāsommor	?
2nd plural	*sannadwe	—	*sisnāsedwe	?
3rd plural	*sannantor	?	*sisnāsontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*sanasūr	—	—
2nd singular	*sanasetar	—	—
3rd singular	*sanasetor	—	—
1st plural	*sanasommor	—	—
2nd plural	*sanasedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*sanasontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sannonts	*sannonte	*sannontes
vocative	*sannonts	*sannonte	*sannontes
accusative	*sannontam	*sannonte	*sannontans
genitive	*sannantos	*?	*sannantom
dative	*sannantei	*sannantbom	*sannantbos
instrumental	*sannantī?	*sannantbim	*sannantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sannantī	*sannantī	*sannantiyās
vocative	*sannantī	*sannantī	*sannantiyās
accusative	*sannantīm	*sannantī	*sannantiyans
genitive	*sannantyās	*?	*sannantyom
dative	*sannantyāi	*sannantyābom	*sannantyābos
instrumental	*?	*sannantyābim	*sannantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sannont	*?	*sannonta
vocative	*sannont	*?	*sannonta
accusative	*sannont	*?	*sannonta
genitive	*sannantos	*?	*sannantom
dative	*sannantei	*?	*sannantbos
instrumental	*sannantī?	*?	*sannantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sannamnos	*sannamnou	*sannamnoi
vocative	*sannamne	*sannamnou	*sannamnoi
accusative	*sannamnom	*sannamnou	*sannamnons
genitive	*sannamnī	*sannamnous	*sannamnom
dative	*sannamnūi	*sannamnobom	*sannamnobos
instrumental	*sannamnū	*sannamnobim	*sannamnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sannamnā	*sannamnai	*sannamnās
vocative	*sannamnā	*sannamnai	*sannamnās
accusative	*sannamnam	*sannamnai	*sannamnans
genitive	*sannamnās	*sannamnous	*sannamnom
dative	*sannamnai	*sannamnābom	*sannamnābos
instrumental	*?	*sannamnābim	*sannamnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sannamnom	*sannamnou	*sannamnā
vocative	*sannamnom	*sannamnou	*sannamnā
accusative	*sannamnom	*sannamnou	*sannamnā
genitive	*sannamnī	*sannamnous	*sannamnom
dative	*sannamnūi	*sannamnobom	*sannamnobos
instrumental	*sannamnū	*sannamnobim	*sannamnobis

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*snatos	*snatou	*snatoi
vocative	*snate	*snatou	*snatoi
accusative	*snatom	*snatou	*snatons
genitive	*snatī	*snatous	*snatom
dative	*snatūi	*snatobom	*snatobos
instrumental	*snatū	*snatobim	*snatobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*snatā	*snatai	*snatās
vocative	*snatā	*snatai	*snatās
accusative	*snatam	*snatai	*snatans
genitive	*snatās	*snatous	*snatom
dative	*snatai	*snatābom	*snatābos
instrumental	*?	*snatābim	*snatābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*snatom	*snatou	*snatā
vocative	*snatom	*snatou	*snatā
accusative	*snatom	*snatou	*snatā
genitive	*snatī	*snatous	*snatom
dative	*snatūi	*snatobom	*snatobos
instrumental	*snatū	*snatobim	*snatobis

Derived terms

• *dī-kom-sesone (preterite-present)
  • Old Irish: do·coissin
• *to-sannati
  • Old Irish: do·seinn (“to hunt, pursue”)

Related terms

• *sonīti (o-grade causative)

Descendants

• Old Irish: seinnid
• Gaulish: (root aorists?) senant (3pl. pres.), senit (3sg. pres.)