Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kliyos
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Alternative reconstructions
[edit]- *klēyos[1]
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌰 (hleiduma, “left”), and Latin clīvius (“inauspicious”). The left direction was considered a taboo and all Indo-European words meaning "left" come from words meaning "bent" or "crooked" as a result.
Adjective
[edit]*kliyos[2]
Inflection
[edit]| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kliyos | *kliyou | *kliyoi |
| vocative | *kliye | *kliyou | *kliyoi |
| accusative | *kliyom | *kliyou | *kliyons |
| genitive | *kliyī | *kliyous | *kliyom |
| dative | *kliyūi | *kliyobom | *kliyobos |
| instrumental | *kliyū | *kliyobim | *kliyobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kliyā | *kliyai | *kliyās |
| vocative | *kliyā | *kliyai | *kliyās |
| accusative | *kliyam | *kliyai | *kliyans |
| genitive | *kliyās | *kliyous | *kliyom |
| dative | *kliyai | *kliyābom | *kliyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *kliyābim | *kliyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kliyom | *kliyou | *kliyā |
| vocative | *kliyom | *kliyou | *kliyā |
| accusative | *kliyom | *kliyou | *kliyā |
| genitive | *kliyī | *kliyous | *kliyom |
| dative | *kliyūi | *kliyobom | *kliyobos |
| instrumental | *kliyū | *kliyobim | *kliyobis |
| Declension of the comparative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kliyyūs | *? | *kliyyoses |
| vocative | *kliyyūs | *? | *kliyyoses |
| accusative | *kliyyosam | *? | *kliyyosans |
| genitive | *kliyisos | *? | *kliyisom |
| dative | *kliyisei | *? | *kliyisbos |
| instrumental | *kliyisī | *? | *kliyisbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kliyyūs | *? | *kliyyoses |
| vocative | *kliyyūs | *? | *kliyyoses |
| accusative | *kliyyosam | *? | *kliyyosans |
| genitive | *kliyisos | *? | *kliyisom |
| dative | *kliyisei | *? | *kliyisbos |
| instrumental | *kliyisī | *? | *kliyisbis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kliyis | *? | *? |
| vocative | *kliyis | *? | *? |
| accusative | *kliyis | *? | *? |
| genitive | *kliyisos | *? | *kliyisom |
| dative | *kliyisei | *? | *kliyisbos |
| instrumental | *kliyisī | *? | *kliyisbis |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*klēyo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 207
- ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 94, page 61; reprinted 2017