Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kʷenkʷetos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *penkʷtos, from *pénkʷe (“five”) +‎ *-tos (“-th”), but with an inserted vowel before the suffix. Equivalent to *kʷenkʷe +‎ *-tos or +‎ *-etos.

Adjective

Proto-Celtic ordinal numbers

<  4th	5th	6th  >
Cardinal : *kʷenkʷe     Ordinal : *kʷenkʷetos

*kʷenkʷetos

1. fifth

Inflection

O/ā-stem
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷenkʷetos	*kʷenkʷetou	*kʷenkʷetoi
vocative	*kʷenkʷete	*kʷenkʷetou	*kʷenkʷetoi
accusative	*kʷenkʷetom	*kʷenkʷetou	*kʷenkʷetoms
genitive	*kʷenkʷetī	*kʷenkʷetous	*kʷenkʷetom
dative	*kʷenkʷetūi	*kʷenkʷetobom	*kʷenkʷetobos
instrumental	*kʷenkʷetū	*kʷenkʷetobim	*kʷenkʷetobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷenkʷetā	*kʷenkʷetai	*kʷenkʷetās
vocative	*kʷenkʷetā	*kʷenkʷetai	*kʷenkʷetās
accusative	*kʷenkʷetam	*kʷenkʷetai	*kʷenkʷetams
genitive	*kʷenkʷetās	*kʷenkʷetous	*kʷenkʷetom
dative	*kʷenkʷetai	*kʷenkʷetābom	*kʷenkʷetābos
instrumental	*?	*kʷenkʷetābim	*kʷenkʷetābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷenkʷetom	*kʷenkʷetou	*kʷenkʷetā
vocative	*kʷenkʷetom	*kʷenkʷetou	*kʷenkʷetā
accusative	*kʷenkʷetom	*kʷenkʷetou	*kʷenkʷetā
genitive	*kʷenkʷetī	*kʷenkʷetous	*kʷenkʷetom
dative	*kʷenkʷetūi	*kʷenkʷetobom	*kʷenkʷetobos
instrumental	*kʷenkʷetū	*kʷenkʷetobim	*kʷenkʷetobis

Declension of the comparative
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷenkʷetyūs	*?	*kʷenkʷetyoses
vocative	*kʷenkʷetyūs	*?	*kʷenkʷetyoses
accusative	*kʷenkʷetyosam	*?	*kʷenkʷetyosams
genitive	*kʷenkʷetisos	*?	*kʷenkʷetisom
dative	*kʷenkʷetisei	*?	*kʷenkʷetisbos
instrumental	*kʷenkʷetisī	*?	*kʷenkʷetisbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷenkʷetyūs	*?	*kʷenkʷetyoses
vocative	*kʷenkʷetyūs	*?	*kʷenkʷetyoses
accusative	*kʷenkʷetyosam	*?	*kʷenkʷetyosams
genitive	*kʷenkʷetisos	*?	*kʷenkʷetisom
dative	*kʷenkʷetisei	*?	*kʷenkʷetisbos
instrumental	*kʷenkʷetisī	*?	*kʷenkʷetisbis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷenkʷetis	*?	*?
vocative	*kʷenkʷetis	*?	*?
accusative	*kʷenkʷetis	*?	*?
genitive	*kʷenkʷetisos	*?	*kʷenkʷetisom
dative	*kʷenkʷetisei	*?	*kʷenkʷetisbos
instrumental	*kʷenkʷetisī	*?	*kʷenkʷetisbis

Descendants

• Brythonic: *pɨmped
  • Middle Breton: pempet
    • Breton: pempet, pempvet
  • Middle Cornish: pympes
    • Cornish: pympes, pempes
  • Old Welsh: pimphet
    • Middle Welsh: pymhed
      • Welsh: pumed
• Old Irish: cóiced
  • Middle Irish: cóiced
    • Irish: cúigiú
    • Manx: queiggoo
    • Scottish Gaelic: còigeamh
• Gaulish: pinpetos