Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸarsketi

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥sḱéti.

Verb

*ɸarsketi

1. to ask, to plead

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*ɸarskū	*ɸarskemam	*ɸibrixsū	*ɸebroka
2nd singular	*ɸarskesi	*ɸarsketās	*ɸibrixsesi	*ɸebrokas?
3rd singular	*ɸarsketi	*ɸarsketo	*ɸibrixseti	*ɸebroke
1st plural	*ɸarskomosi	*ɸarskemo	*ɸibrixsomosi	*ɸebrokmo
2nd plural	*ɸarsketesi	*ɸarskestē	*ɸibrixsetesi	*ɸebroxte
3rd plural	*ɸarskonti	*ɸarskento	*ɸibrixsonti	*ɸebrokars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*ɸrexsū	?	—
2nd singular	*ɸrexsesi	?	*ɸarske
3rd singular	*ɸrexseti	?	*ɸarsketou
1st plural	*ɸrexsomosi	?	*ɸarskomos
2nd plural	*ɸrexsetesi	?	*ɸarskete
3rd plural	*ɸrexsonti	?	*ɸarskontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*ɸarskūr	—	*ɸibrixsūr	*ɸebrokra
2nd singular	*ɸarsketar	—	*ɸibrixsetar	*ɸebrokras?
3rd singular	*ɸarsketor	?	*ɸibrixsetor	*ɸebrokre
1st plural	*ɸarskommor	—	*ɸibrixsommor	?
2nd plural	*ɸarskedwe	—	*ɸibrixsedwe	?
3rd plural	*ɸarskontor	?	*ɸibrixsontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*ɸrexsūr	—	—
2nd singular	*ɸrexsetar	—	—
3rd singular	*ɸrexsetor	—	—
1st plural	*ɸrexsommor	—	—
2nd plural	*ɸrexsedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*ɸrexsontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarskonts	*ɸarskonte	*ɸarskontes
vocative	*ɸarskonts	*ɸarskonte	*ɸarskontes
accusative	*ɸarskontam	*ɸarskonte	*ɸarskontans
genitive	*ɸarskantos	*?	*ɸarskantom
dative	*ɸarskantei	*ɸarskantbom	*ɸarskantbos
instrumental	*ɸarskantī?	*ɸarskantbim	*ɸarskantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarskantī	*ɸarskantī	*ɸarskantiyās
vocative	*ɸarskantī	*ɸarskantī	*ɸarskantiyās
accusative	*ɸarskantīm	*ɸarskantī	*ɸarskantiyans
genitive	*ɸarskantyās	*?	*ɸarskantyom
dative	*ɸarskantyāi	*ɸarskantyābom	*ɸarskantyābos
instrumental	*?	*ɸarskantyābim	*ɸarskantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarskont	*?	*ɸarskonta
vocative	*ɸarskont	*?	*ɸarskonta
accusative	*ɸarskont	*?	*ɸarskonta
genitive	*ɸarskantos	*?	*ɸarskantom
dative	*ɸarskantei	*?	*ɸarskantbos
instrumental	*ɸarskantī?	*?	*ɸarskantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarskomnos	*ɸarskomnou	*ɸarskomnoi
vocative	*ɸarskomne	*ɸarskomnou	*ɸarskomnoi
accusative	*ɸarskomnom	*ɸarskomnou	*ɸarskomnons
genitive	*ɸarskomnī	*ɸarskomnous	*ɸarskomnom
dative	*ɸarskomnūi	*ɸarskomnobom	*ɸarskomnobos
instrumental	*ɸarskomnū	*ɸarskomnobim	*ɸarskomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarskomnā	*ɸarskomnai	*ɸarskomnās
vocative	*ɸarskomnā	*ɸarskomnai	*ɸarskomnās
accusative	*ɸarskomnam	*ɸarskomnai	*ɸarskomnans
genitive	*ɸarskomnās	*ɸarskomnous	*ɸarskomnom
dative	*ɸarskomnai	*ɸarskomnābom	*ɸarskomnābos
instrumental	*?	*ɸarskomnābim	*ɸarskomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarskomnom	*ɸarskomnou	*ɸarskomnā
vocative	*ɸarskomnom	*ɸarskomnou	*ɸarskomnā
accusative	*ɸarskomnom	*ɸarskomnou	*ɸarskomnā
genitive	*ɸarskomnī	*ɸarskomnous	*ɸarskomnom
dative	*ɸarskomnūi	*ɸarskomnobom	*ɸarskomnobos
instrumental	*ɸarskomnū	*ɸarskomnobim	*ɸarskomnobis

Descendants

• Brythonic: *ėrxɨd (secondarily transferred to the ī-verbs)
  • Middle Breton: archaff
    • Breton: arc'hiñ
  • Cornish: erghi
  • Old Welsh: erchim (verbal noun), ercit (imperative), rit·ercis (3sg. perf.)
    • Middle Welsh: erchi
      • Welsh: erchi
• Old Irish: arcu