Reconstruction:Proto-Cariban/kɨmjamo

This Proto-Cariban entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Cariban

Etymology

From *kɨnmô (first-person inclusive dual pronoun) +‎ *-jamo (collective suffix).

Pronoun

*kɨmjamo

1. the first-person inclusive collective pronoun; all of us, me and all of you, we (inclusive)

   Synonym: *kɨwjamo

Inflection

Proto-Cariban personal pronouns

	singular	dual	collective
first person exclusive	*ôwɨ	*apina	*apina
first person inclusive	—	*kɨwɨ, *kɨnmô, *kɨku	*kɨwjamo, *kɨmjamo
second person	*ômô	—	*ômjamo
third person	(use demonstratives)

Descendants

• Guianan:
  • ⇒ Apalaí: kymarokomo
  • ⇒ Kari'na: (analogically rebuilt) kymonjaro
  • Proto-Taranoan: *kɨnjamo
    • Akurio: kïnyamo, ⇒ (analogically rebuilt) kïmënyamo
    • ⇒ Carijona: kïñamoro
    • ⇒ Trió: (analogically rebuilt) kïmënjamo
• Parukotoan:
  • ⇒ Kaxuyana: kïmyarï
• ⇒? Ye'kwana: künwanno

References

• Meira, Sérgio (2002) “A first comparison of pronominal and demonstrative systems in the Cariban language family”, in Mily Crevels, Simon van de Kerke, Sergio Meira and Hein van der Voort, editors, Current Studies on South American Languages‎^[1], Leiden: Research School of Asian, African, and American Studies (CNWS), Leiden University, →ISBN, pages 255–275
• Gildea, Spike, Doris Payne (2007) “Is Greenberg’s ‘Macro-Carib’ viable?”, in Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi: Ciências Humanas, volume 2, number 2, Belém, pages 19–72
• Meira, Sérgio (1998) A Reconstruction of Proto-Taranoan: Phonology and Inflectional Morphology‎^[2], Houston: Rice University, page 189
• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎^[3], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 310
• Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “künwanno”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎^[4], Lyon