wardo

Latin

Alternative forms

• gardō, guardō

Etymology

Borrowed from Frankish *wardōn (“to guard, protect”).

Supposedly attested in the seventh century in the form guardāre, but this has yet to be confirmed. The earliest certain attestation appears to be the prefixed rewardant in the Reichenau Glossary.

Verb

wardō (present infinitive wardāre, perfect active wardāvī, supine wardātum); first conjugation (Early Medieval Latin)

1. to herd (cattle)
2. to guard

Conjugation

Conjugation of wardō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	wardō	wardās	wardat	wardāmus	wardātis	wardant
	imperfect	wardābam	wardābās	wardābat	wardābāmus	wardābātis	wardābant
	future	wardābō	wardābis	wardābit	wardābimus	wardābitis	wardābunt
	perfect	wardāvī	wardāvistī	wardāvit	wardāvimus	wardāvistis	wardāvērunt, wardāvēre
	pluperfect	wardāveram	wardāverās	wardāverat	wardāverāmus	wardāverātis	wardāverant
	future perfect	wardāverō	wardāveris	wardāverit	wardāverimus	wardāveritis	wardāverint
passive	present	wardor	wardāris, wardāre	wardātur	wardāmur	wardāminī	wardantur
	imperfect	wardābar	wardābāris, wardābāre	wardābātur	wardābāmur	wardābāminī	wardābantur
	future	wardābor	wardāberis, wardābere	wardābitur	wardābimur	wardābiminī	wardābuntur
	perfect	wardātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	wardātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	wardātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	wardem	wardēs	wardet	wardēmus	wardētis	wardent
	imperfect	wardārem	wardārēs	wardāret	wardārēmus	wardārētis	wardārent
	perfect	wardāverim	wardāverīs	wardāverit	wardāverīmus	wardāverītis	wardāverint
	pluperfect	wardāvissem	wardāvissēs	wardāvisset	wardāvissēmus	wardāvissētis	wardāvissent
passive	present	warder	wardēris, wardēre	wardētur	wardēmur	wardēminī	wardentur
	imperfect	wardārer	wardārēris, wardārēre	wardārētur	wardārēmur	wardārēminī	wardārentur
	perfect	wardātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	wardātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	wardā	—	—	wardāte	—
	future	—	wardātō	wardātō	—	wardātōte	wardantō
passive	present	—	wardāre	—	—	wardāminī	—
	future	—	wardātor	wardātor	—	—	wardantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		wardāre	wardāvisse	wardātūrum esse	wardārī	wardātum esse	wardātum īrī
participles		wardāns	—	wardātūrus	—	wardātus	wardandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		wardandī	wardandō	wardandum	wardandō	wardātum	wardātū

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: guardare
  • Sicilian: guardari, vardari
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: vuardâ
  • Istriot: vardà
  • Lombard: vardà
  • Piedmontese: vardé, guardé, gardé
  • Romansch: vurdar, guardar
  • Venetan: vardar
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: guardar, gordar
  • Franco-Provençal: gouardar
  • Old French: guarder (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Gascon: goarder
    • Gascon: guardar, uerdar, uardar, guarar
  • Old Occitan: gardar, guardar
    • Occitan: gardar
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: guardar
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: guardar, gardar
    • Galician: gardar, guardar
    • Portuguese: guardar
  • Spanish: guardar

References

• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “wardare”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 1129