Reconstruction:Latin/cava

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Alternative forms

*cāva, *cawa, *cāwa

Etymology

Borrowed from Frankish *kawa (“chough, jackdaw”).^[1] Likely influenced by or a confluence with a Gaulish *kawā, from Proto-Celtic *kawannos (“owl”).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkaβa/

Noun

*cava f (oblique *cavam); first declension (Proto-Italo-Western-Romance)?

species of crow, jackdaw, jay, rook
barn-owl, owl

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	*/ˈkaβa/	*/ˈkaβas/
oblique	*/ˈkaβa/	*/ˈkaβas/

Descendants

Direct reflexes:
- Old French: choe, choue, chave
  - Middle French: choe, choue
  - → Galician: choia
  - → Spanish: chova; choya (dialectal)
- Old Occitan: cau
- Picard: caue, cave
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawesca^[3] (diminutive)
- Gallo-Romance:
  - Bourbonnais-Berrichon: chuèche
  - Old French:
    - Middle French: chevece, chevoiche, chavoce
      - French: chevêche
    - → Romanian: ciovică (Wallachian)
- Occitano-Romance:
  - Catalan: cauèca, cavèca
  - Old Occitan: cavesca
    - Occitan: cavèca (several dialects)
      Gascon: chavèca, gavèca, bavèca
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cawetta (diminutive, likely influenced by an archaic form of Italian zibetto (“cat-like animal”))
- Dalmatian:
  - civet
- Italo-Romance:
  - Italian: civetta, ciovetta (dialectal)
- North Italian:
  - Friulian: civuite
  - Romansch: tschuetta
  - Venetan: zovetta
- Gallo-Romance:
  - Old French: *chouette, *chavette, suete, suette, çuete
    - Middle French: chouete, chüette, chouette
      - French: chouette
  - Norman: cahouette
  - Picard: cavette
- Occitano-Romance:
  - Vivaro-Alpine: civeta

References

^ Greimas, A.J. (1969) “choe, chave”, in Dictionnaire de l'ancien francais jusq'uau milieu du XIVe siècle (in French), Paris: Larousse, page 113: “francique *kawa”
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kawanno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 196
^ http://books.google.com/books?id=bYMcAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA187

[1] Greimas, A.J. (1969) “choe, chave”, in Dictionnaire de l'ancien francais jusq'uau milieu du XIVe siècle (in French), Paris: Larousse, page 113: “francique *kawa”

[2] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kawanno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 196

[3] ttp://books.google.com/books?id=bYMcAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA187

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