1910, Alexander Hosie, Manchuria: Its People, Resources and Recent History[1], volume 14, J. B. Millet Company, →OCLC, page 231:
We left Kirin at 10 A.M. on the 28th of January on our return to the port. Instead of retracing our steps by way of K’uan-ch’êng-tzŭ w^e resolved to follow the imperial highroad, which runs south-west from Kirin and joins the main road a little to the south of K’ai-yüan Hsien.
1912, Northern China, The Valley of the Blue River, Korea[2], Hachette & Company, →OCLC, page 259[3]:
At the height of the power of the Ch’i-tan Liao, the latter, having taken prisoners people of various countries, deported them and distributed them about this region between the Sungari and the K’ai-yüan Hsien country.
Born in K’ai-yüan county of Liaoning, Manchuria, in 1893, Sheng Shih-ts’ai had been reared "in a small family" and amid conditions of "poverty" and "cold."
For example, the graduate of a Shenyang middle school had settled in 1968 in K’ai-yuan county, also in Liaoning. He did well in the village and entered the army in late 1970.]
