Appendix:Indonesian toponyms

This appendix lists words and morphemes used to form the names of places.

List

Separable

• danau (“lake”)
• kali (“river”) (the distinction between less common kali and more common sungai are unclear)
• kota (“city”)
• muara (“confluence”)
• pulau (“island”)
• sungai (“river”)
• teluk (“bay”)

Notes:

• These elements can be inseparable in some cases, e.g. Kota Bangun, Kotabaru, and Kotamobagu.
• Most Indonesian rivers are prefixed with sungai, but Bengawan Solo is a notable exception (it can lead into tautology otherwise).

Inseparable

• ci (“water”) (from Sundanese, common in western Java, e.g. Cianjur, Cirebon, and Cilacap)
• long (“river”) (common in eastern Borneo, including Sabah, e.g. Long Bagun, Long Kali)
• nanga (“confluence”) (common in western Borneo, including Sarawak, e.g. Nanga Pinoh)
• sei (“river”)