Appendix:Arabic roots/ع ق ر

Arabic

Etymology

For the semantic development compare German zugrunde and Latin pessum.

Root

ع ق ر • (ʕ q r)

1. related to the ground and things being metaphorically put to the ground

Derived terms

• Form I: عَقَرَ (ʕaqara, “to hamstring”)
  • Verbal noun: عَقْر (ʕaqr)
  • Active participle: عَاقِر (ʕāqir)
  • Passive participle: مَعْقُور (maʕqūr)
• Form I: عَقُرَ (ʕaqura, “to be barren”)
  • Verbal noun: عَقَارَة (ʕaqāra), عَقْر (ʕaqr), عُقْر (ʕuqr)
  • Active participle: ?
  • Passive participle: مَعْقُور (maʕqūr)
• Form II: عَقَّرَ (ʕaqqara, “to injure”)
  • Verbal noun: تَعْقِير (taʕqīr)
  • Active participle: مُعَقِّر (muʕaqqir)
  • Passive participle: مُعَقَّر (muʕaqqar)
• Form III: عَاقَرَ (ʕāqara, “to contend with in slaughtering; to cling to, to keep oneself to”)
  • Verbal noun: مُعَاقَرَة (muʕāqara)
  • Active participle: مُعَاقِر (muʕāqir)
  • Passive participle: مُعَاقَر (muʕāqar)
• Form IV: أَعْقَرَ (ʔaʕqara, “to stupify”)
  • Verbal noun: إِعْقَار (ʔiʕqār)
  • Active participle: مُعْقِر (muʕqir)
  • Passive participle: مُعْقَر (muʕqar)
• Form V: تَعَقَّرَ (taʕaqqara, “to become injured”)
  • Verbal noun: تَعَقُّر (taʕaqqur)
  • Active participle: مُتَعَقِّر (mutaʕaqqir)
• Form VI: تَعَاقَرَ (taʕāqara, “to vie with each other in hamstringing”)
  • Verbal noun: تَعَاقُر (taʕāqur)
  • Active participle: مُتَعَاقِر (mutaʕāqir)
  • Passive participle: مُتَعَاقَر (mutaʕāqar)
• Form VII: اِنْعَقَرَ (inʕaqara, “to become hamstrung”)
  • Verbal noun: اِنْعِقَار (inʕiqār)
  • Active participle: مُنْعَقِر (munʕaqir)

• عَقُور (ʕaqūr, “biting”)
• عَقِير (ʕaqīr, “wounded, struck, notched, stabbed”)
• عَقَار (ʕaqār, “real estate”)
• عُقَرَة (ʕuqara) and مِعْقَر (miʕqar) and عَقُور (ʕaqūr, “a kind of bead bound for contraception”)
• عَقِيرَة (ʕaqīra, “cut leg; game; voice”)
• أَعْقَر (ʔaʕqar)

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “ع ق ر”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 151–152
• Freytag, Georg (1835) “ع ق ر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 193–194
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “ع ق ر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 2107–2110
• Schwally, Friedrich (1898) “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[4] (in German), volume 52, pages 140–142
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ع ق ر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 860