-учий
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[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- -ю́чий (-júčij)
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Late Proto-Slavic *-ǫťь, a present active participial suffix. Doublet of -у́щий (-úščij), the normal present participle suffix, a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-у́чий • (-účij)
- Adjective-forming suffix, added to intransitive verbs, indicating being in the state of that verb.
- лета́ть (letátʹ, “to fly”) + -у́чий (-účij) → лету́чий (letúčij, “flying”)
- пла́вать (plávatʹ, “to float”) + -у́чий (-účij) → плаву́чий (plavúčij, “floating, buoyant”)
- па́хнуть (páxnutʹ, “to smell of”) + -у́чий (-účij) → паху́чий (paxúčij, “fragrant”)
- ползти́ (polztí, “to crawl”) + -у́чий (-účij) → ползу́чий (polzúčij, “crawling, creeping”)
- жечь (žečʹ, “to burn”) (present tense жгу (žgu)) + -у́чий (-účij) → жгу́чий (žgúčij, “burning”)
- жить (žitʹ, “to live”) (present tense живу́ (živú)) + -у́чий (-účij) → живу́чий (živúčij, “viable, enduring”)
Usage notes
[edit]Note the following properties:
- The suffix is always stressed.
- The suffix is normally added to the infinitive of the verb, minus any ending such as -ать (-atʹ), -нуть (-nutʹ), or -ти (-ti). If the infinitival and present stems differ, the present stem is used.
Declension
[edit]Declension of -у́чий (short class a)
masculine | neuter | feminine | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | -у́чий -účij |
-у́чее -účeje |
-у́чая -účaja |
-у́чие -účije | |
genitive | -у́чего -účevo |
-у́чей -účej |
-у́чих -účix | ||
dative | -у́чему -účemu |
-у́чей -účej |
-у́чим -účim | ||
accusative | animate | -у́чего -účevo |
-у́чее -účeje |
-у́чую -účuju |
-у́чих -účix |
inanimate | -у́чий -účij |
-у́чие -účije | |||
instrumental | -у́чим -účim |
-у́чей, -у́чею -účej, -účeju |
-у́чими -účimi | ||
prepositional | -у́чем -účem |
-у́чей -účej |
-у́чих -účix | ||
short form | -у́ч -úč |
-у́че -úče |
-у́ча -úča |
-у́чи -úči |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- -я́чий (-jáčij)
Categories:
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian doublets
- Russian 2-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian suffixes
- Russian adjective-forming suffixes
- Russian sibilant-stem stem-stressed adjectives
- Russian adjectives with short forms
- Russian adjectives with short accent pattern a