-осам
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verbal suffix from the s-aorist ending Ancient Greek -ωσα (-ōsa), rendered as factitive a-conjugation + -ам (-am) (from Proto-Slavic *-ati). Typically encountered in Greek borrowings, but original formations from native terms or from loaned Turkish, Persian, or Arabic borrowings also exist.
Suffix
[edit]-осам • (-osam) pf
- Transliteration of Greek borrowings:
- ζαχάρωσα (zachárosa, “to had sugacoated”) → захаро́сам (zaharósam, “to sugarcoat”)
- σκόπωσα (skóposa, “to had framed”) (dialectal, obsolete) → скопо́сам (skopósam, “to arrange, to assembly”)
- τύπωσα (týposa, “to had printed”) → типо́сам (tipósam, “to print”)
- χάλωσα (chálosa, “to had spoiled”) → хало́сам (halósam, “to bang, to hit”)
- Forms iterative or causative verbs with telic functional meaning from nouns:
- From native terms:
- вар (var, “lime”) → варо́сам (varósam, “to lime, to whitewash”)
- прах (prah, “powder, dust”) → прахо́сам (prahósam, “to waste away”)
- кръст (krǎst, “cross”) → кръсто́сам (krǎstósam, “to intercross”)
- яд (jad, “resentment, rage”) → ядо́сам (jadósam, “to annoy”)
- пръжда́ (prǎždá, “insult, slander, curse”) (dialectal) → пръждо́сам (prǎždósam, “to banish, to curse away”)
- пля́чка (pljáčka, “loot, booty”) → плячко́сам (pljačkósam, “to loot”)
- From Turkish, Arabic borrowings (via Ottoman Turkish):
- From Persian, Prakrit borrowings (via Ottoman Turkish or Romani):
- ба́лама (bálama, “foul”) (slang) → баламо́сам (balamósam, “to make foul of someone, to deceive”)
- парче́ (parčé, “piece”) → парчето́сам (parčetósam, “to tear into pieces”)
- чифт (čift, “pair”) → чифто́сам (čiftósam, “to pair, to mate”)
- From native terms: