𑀬𑀁

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ís

Proto-Indo-European *yós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyás

Sanskrit यद् (yad)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)

Inherited from Sanskrit यम् (yam), accusative singular of यद् (yad, “who”).

Adverb

𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)

1. since

Alternative forms

Attested at Bahapur, Bairat, Brahmagiri, Gavimath, Gujarra, Jatinga-Rameshwara, Nittur, Siddapura and Yerragudi.

Dialectal forms of 𑀬𑀁 (“since”)
Variety	Location	Lemmas	Forms edit
Central	Rupnath	𑀬 (ya)	𑀬 (ya)
	Bairat	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ), 𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)	?𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ), 𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)
	Sahasram	𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)	?𑀅𑀁 (aṃ), 𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)
	Gujarra	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)
	Panguraria	𑀬𑀢𑁂 (yate)	𑀬𑀢𑁂 (yate)
	Bahapur	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ), 𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ), 𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)
South	Yerragudi	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)
	Siddapura	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)
	Brahmagiri	𑀬 (ya), 𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)	𑀬 (ya), 𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)
	Maski	𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)	𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)
	Jatinga-Rameshwara	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ), 𑀬 (ya), 𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)	𑀬 (ya), ?𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ), ?𑀅𑀁 (aṃ)
	Udegolam	𑀬𑀸𑀁 (yāṃ)	𑀬𑀸𑀁 (yāṃ)
	Nittur	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)
	Gavimath	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)	𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀬𑀁 (“since”)
𑀬𑀁 (yaṃ) (9) 𑀅𑀁 (aṃ) (6) 𑀬 (ya) (3) 𑀬𑀸𑀁 (yāṃ) (1) 𑀬𑀢𑁂 (yate) (1)

References

• Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “yaṃ”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 164
• Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “ya-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 165