𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Sanskrit प्रक्रान्त (prakrānta)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢 (prakaṃta)

Inherited from Sanskrit प्रक्रान्त (prakrānta, “gone, proceeded”), participle of प्रक्रम् (prakram, “to proceed”), from प्र- (pra-, “towards”) +‎ क्रम् (kram, “to step”).

Participle

𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢 (prakaṃta)

1. past passive participle of 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀫𑀢𑀺 (prakamati, “to exert”); exerted
   • c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.3:

     𑀦𑁄 𑀢𑀼 𑀔𑁄 𑀩𑀸𑀠𑀁 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 𑀏𑀓𑀁 𑀲𑀯𑀙𑀭𑀁

     no tu kho bāḍhaṃ prakaṃte husaṃ ekaṃ savacharaṃ

     • 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch

       But indeed I had not been very zealous for one year.

Declension

Declension of 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢 (prakaṃta)
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 prakaṃte	—	—	—	—	—
accusative	—	—	—	—	—	—
instrumental	—	—	—	—	—	—
dative	—	—	—	—	—	—
ablative	—	—	—	—	—	—
genitive	—	—	—	—	—	—
locative	—	—	—	—	—	—

Alternative forms

Attested at Brahmagiri.

Dialectal forms of 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢 (“exerted”)
Variety	Location	Lemmas	Forms edit
Central	Rupnath	𑀧𑀓𑀢 (pakata)	𑀧𑀓𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakate)
	Panguraria	𑀧𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀢 (pakāṃta)	?𑀧𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakāṃte)
	Bahapur	𑀧𑀮𑀓𑀢 (palakata)	?𑀧𑀮𑀓𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (palakate)
	Ahraura	𑀧𑀮𑀓𑀁𑀢 (palakaṃta)	𑀧𑀮𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (palakaṃte)
South	Yerragudi	𑀧𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀢 (pakāṃta)	𑀧𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakāṃte)
	Siddapura	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢 (pakaṃta)	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakaṃte)
	Brahmagiri	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢 (pakaṃta), 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢 (prakaṃta)	𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (prakaṃte), 𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakaṃte)
	Maski	𑀉𑀧𑀕𑀢 (upagata)	?𑀉𑀧𑀕𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (upagate)
	Rajula-Mandagiri	𑀧𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀢 (pakāṃta)	?𑀧𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakāṃte)
	Udegolam	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢 (pakaṃta)	?𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakaṃte)
	Nittur	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢 (pakaṃta)	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakaṃte)
	Gavimath	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢 (pakaṃta)	𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢𑁂 m.nom.sg (pakaṃte)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢 (“exerted”)
𑀧𑀓𑀁𑀢 (pakaṃta) (5) 𑀧𑀓𑀸𑀁𑀢 (pakāṃta) (3) 𑀧𑀮𑀓𑀢 (palakata) (1) 𑀧𑀓𑀢 (pakata) (1) 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀓𑀁𑀢 (prakaṃta) (1) 𑀧𑀮𑀓𑀁𑀢 (palakaṃta) (1) 𑀉𑀧𑀕𑀢 (upagata) (1)

References

• Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “pakam-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 156
• Oberlies, Thomas (2003) “Aśokan Prakrit and Pāli”, in George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain, editors, The Indo-Aryan Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), Routledge, →ISBN, page 221 of 179–224
• Mehendale, M[adhukar] A[nant] (1948) Historical Grammar of Inscriptional Prakrits (Deccan College Dissertation Series; 3)‎^[1], Poona: Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute, page 267