๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ
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Ashokan Prakrit
[edit]Adjective
[edit]๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ (kaแนญaviya /kaแนญแนญaviya/)[1][2]
- Alternative form of ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ (katavya, โto be done; to be performed; mandatoryโ)
Noun
[edit]๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ (kaแนญaviya)
- Alternative form of ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ (katavya, โduty, obligationโ)
- c.โ268 BCE โโ232 BCE, Aลoka, Major Rock Edict 6 line 9:
- ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐ซ๐ข๐ ๐ณ๐บ ๐ซ๐ ๐ฒ๐ฏ๐ฎ๐๐๐ณ๐บ๐ข๐
- kaแนญaviyamate hi me savalokahite
- "Because I consider it my duty to work for the salvation of the whole world"
- ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ๐ซ๐ข๐ ๐ณ๐บ ๐ซ๐ ๐ฒ๐ฏ๐ฎ๐๐๐ณ๐บ๐ข๐
Alternative forms
[edit]Attested at Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Jaugada and Kalsi.
| Dialectal forms of ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ (โto be performedโ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ (kaแนญaviya) | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ /kaแนญแนญaviya/ (kaแนญaviya) |
| Delhi-Topra | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ (kaแนญaviya) | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ /kaแนญแนญaviya/ (kaแนญaviya) | |
| East | Dhauli | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ (kaแนญaviya) | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ /kaแนญแนญaviya/ (kaแนญaviya) |
| Jaugada | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ (kaแนญaviya) | ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ /kaแนญแนญaviya/ (kaแนญaviya) | |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ (kaแนญava) | ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ /kaแนญแนญava/ (kaแนญava) |
| Mansehra | ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ๐จ๐จฉ (kaแนญaviya) | ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ๐จ๐จฉ /kaแนญแนญaviya/ (kaแนญaviya) | |
| West | Girnar | ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ (katavya) | ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ /kattavya/ (katavya) |
| Map of dialectal forms of ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ (โto be performedโ) | ||
|---|---|---|
 ๐๐๐ฏ๐บ๐ฌ (kaแนญaviya) (4) ๐๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ (katavya) (1) ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ (kaแนญava) (1) ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ๐จ๐จฉ (kaแนญaviya) (1) | ||
References
[edit]- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ1985) โkรกrtavyaโ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- ^ Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 49.