𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Sanskrit आज्ञापयति (ājñāpayati)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati)

Inherited from Sanskrit आज्ञापयति (ājñāpayati). Cognate with Pali āṇāpeti.

Verb

𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati)

1. to command, order
   • c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.2:

     𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀁𑀧𑀺𑀬𑁂 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺

     devāṇaṃpiye āṇapayati

     • 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch

       Devānāṁpriya commands (as follows).

Conjugation

Personal forms of 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati)
	singular			plural
	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present	—	—	𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 āṇapayati	—	—	—
imperative	—	—	—	—	𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀣 āṇapayātha	—
potential	—	—	—	—	—	—
imperfect	—	—	—	—	—	—
aorist	—	—	—	—	—	—
future	—	—	—	—	—	—

Alternative forms

Attested at Brahmagiri, Panguraria, Udegolam and Yerragudi.

Dialectal forms of 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (“to command”)
Variety	Location	Lemmas	Forms edit
Central	Kalsi	𑀅𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (anapayati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 1sg.pres (ānapayāmi), ?𑀅𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀺 (anapayisaṃti)
	Allahabad-Kosambi	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)
	Panguraria	𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati)	?𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (āṇapayati)
East	Dhauli	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 1sg.pres (ānapayāmi), ?𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (ānapayisati)
	Jaugada	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 1sg.pres (ānapayāmi)
Northwest	Shahbazgarhi	𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨩𐨟𐨁 (aṇapayati), 𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨅𐨟𐨁 (aṇapeti)	𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨅𐨨𐨁 1sg.pres (aṇapemi), 𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨩𐨨𐨁 1sg.pres (aṇapayami)
	Mansehra	𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨩𐨟𐨁 (aṇapayati), 𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨅𐨟𐨁 (aṇapeti)	𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨅𐨨𐨁 1sg.pres (aṇapemi), 𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨩𐨁𐨭𐨟𐨁 3sg.fut (aṇapayiśati)
West	Girnar	𑀆𑀜𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āñapayati)	𑀆𑀜𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 1sg.pres (āñapayāmi), 𑀆𑀜𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (āñapayisati)
South	Yerragudi	𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (ānapayati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (ānapayisati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀣 2pl.imp (ānapayātha), 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀣 2pl.imp (āṇapayātha)
	Brahmagiri	𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati)	𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (āṇapayati)
	Rajula-Mandagiri	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)	?𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (ānapayati), ?𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (ānapayisati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀣 2pl.imp (ānapayātha)
	Udegolam	𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)	?𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (ānapayisati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀺 3sg.fut (ānapayisi), ?𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀣 2pl.imp (ānapayātha), ?𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀣 2pl.imp (āṇapayātha)
	Nittur	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati)	𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀺𑀲𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (ānapayisati), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀣 2pl.imp (ānapayātha)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (“to command”)
𑀆𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (ānapayati) (16) 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āṇapayati) (4) 𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨩𐨟𐨁 (aṇapayati) (2) 𑀆𑀜𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (āñapayati) (2) 𐨀𐨞𐨤𐨅𐨟𐨁 (aṇapeti) (2) 𑀅𑀦𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (anapayati) (1)

Derived terms

• 𑀆𑀡𑀧𑁂𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (āṇapetaviya), 𑀆𑀦𑀧𑁂𑀢𑀯𑀺𑀬 (ānapetaviya, “to be commanded”)

References

• Hultzsch, E[ugen Julius Theodor] (1925) Inscriptions of Aśoka (new edition), in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 235.
• Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “ānapay-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 141
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ājñāpayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 49