𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Sanskrit अमिश्र (amiśra)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)

Inherited from Sanskrit अमिश्र (amiśra).

Adjective

𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa /amissa/)

1. unmixed, unmingled

   Antonym: 𑀫𑀺𑀲 (misa /⁠missa⁠/)

   • c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.3-4:

     𑀇𑀫𑀺𑀦𑀸 𑀘𑀼 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀸 𑀫𑀼𑀦𑀺𑀲𑀸 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺
     𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 𑀤𑁂𑀯𑁂𑀳𑀺

     iminā cu kālena amisā samānā munisā jaṃbudīpasi
     misā devehi

     • 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch

       But men in Jambudvīpa, being during that time unmingled, (are now) mingled with the gods.

Declension

Declension of 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	—	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸, 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀁, 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 amisā, amisaṃ, amisa	—	—	—	—
accusative	—	—	—	—	—	—
instrumental	—	—	—	—	—	—
dative	—	—	—	—	—	—
ablative	—	—	—	—	—	—
genitive	—	—	—	—	—	—
locative	—	—	—	—	—	—

Alternative forms

Attested at Bahapur, Bairat, Brahmagiri, Gavimath, Gujarra, Nittur, Rajula-Mandagiri, Rupnath, Siddapura, Udegolam and Yerragudi.

Dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (“unmixed”)
Variety	Location	Lemmas	Forms edit
Central	Rupnath	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
	Bairat	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
	Sahasram	𑀅𑀁𑀫𑀺𑀲 (aṃmisa)	𑀅𑀁𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀁 m.nom.pl (aṃmisaṃ)
	Gujarra	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa), 𑀅𑀁𑀫𑀺𑀲 (aṃmisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀁 m.nom.pl (amisaṃ), 𑀅𑀁𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀁 m.nom.pl (aṃmisaṃ)
	Bahapur	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
South	Yerragudi	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
	Siddapura	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	?𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
	Brahmagiri	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
	Rajula-Mandagiri	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	?𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
	Udegolam	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 m.nom.pl (amisa)
	Nittur	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)
	Gavimath	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa)	𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 m.nom.pl (amisā)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (“unmixed”)
𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲 (amisa) (11) 𑀅𑀁𑀫𑀺𑀲 (aṃmisa) (2)

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (amissa)

References

• Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “amisa-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 138
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ámiśra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 25