𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀

Old Uyghur

Old Uyghur numbers ^(edit)

	40
←  3	4	5  →
Cardinal: 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 (twyrt)     Ordinal: 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽽 (twyrtwnc)     Adverbial: 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽰 (twyrt qʾtʾ)     Distributive: 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽰𐽾 (twyrtʾr)     Collective: 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽰𐽷𐽳 (twyrtʾkw)

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *tȫrt (“four”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐱅 (t²ür²t² /⁠tört⁠/).

Numeral

𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 (twyrt /tört, türt/)

1. four

Compound terms

• 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 (twyrt yynkʾq /⁠tört yïŋaḳ⁠/, “four administrative provinces of the Uyghur Khaganate or Gaochang states”)
• 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐽸𐽱𐽶𐽼 (twyrt dβyp /⁠tört d(e)vip⁠/, “four continents”) (of the then-known world)
• 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐽼𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽾 (twyrt pʾltyr /⁠tört beltir⁠/, “four-way crossroad, carrefour”)
• 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐾀𐽰𐾁𐽳𐽶 (twyrt tʾlwy /⁠Tört Taloy⁠/, “China”, literally “[land ensieged by] four seas”)
• 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐾀𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽺 (twyrt tylkʾn /⁠tört tilgen⁠/, “quadricycle cart, pulling-car”)

Derived terms

• 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽷𐽳𐽺 (twyrtkwn /⁠törtgün⁠/, “a group of four people, foursome”)
• 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽷𐽶𐾁 (twyrtkyl /⁠törtgil⁠/, “square, quadrilateral”)

Descendants

• Western Yugur: diord (tört)
  • ⇒ Western Yugur: diordon (törtun, “forty”) (< 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐽰𐽳𐽺 (twyrt ʾwn /⁠tört on⁠/, “four-tens”))

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “tört”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 249
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1) tört”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 740-745