𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺
Old Uyghur
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽳𐽺 (kwywn /küün, kuyun/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽶𐽺 (kwyyn /kü(y)in/)
- 𐰚𐰇𐰤 (kẅn² /kün/)
- 𐫞𐫇𐫏𐫗 (qwyn /kün/)
- 𐼸𐼴𐼷𐼻 (kwyn /kün/)
- ܟܘܝܢ (kwyn /kün/)
Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kün (“sun, day”).
This sense is compared to Tocharian A koṃ and Tocharian B kauṃ by Jens Wilkens, but any loaning from or to is unlikely, since Tocharian forms have Indo-European cognates and etymologies.[1]
Noun
[edit]𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn /kün/)
- (astronomy) the Sun, the star at the center of the Solar System
- (time) day, daytime, the span of a day, times when sun is visible during a day
- Synonym: 𐽾𐽳𐽽 (rwc /ruč/)
- (rare, in compounds) south
- Synonyms: 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾltyn yynkʾq /altïn yïŋak/), 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pyrdyn /bérdin/), 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳𐽸𐽶𐽺 (pyrqʾrwdyn /bïrgarudïn/), 𐽰𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶𐽺 (ʾyrdyn /irdin/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwyntyn /küntin/), 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽳 (ʾwyrw /örü/)
Declension
[edit]| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwynlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwynnwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwynlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 (kwynkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwynlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽲 (kwynwq) 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶 (kwynny) |
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (kwynlʾryq) 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwynlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 (kwyntʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (kwynlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwyntyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽺 (kwynwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 (kwyncʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwynkʾrw) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwynlʾyw) |
Compound terms
[edit]- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽳 (kwyn ʾwrtw /kün orto/, “noon”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐾀𐽳 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 (kwyn ʾwrtw yynkʾq /kün orto yïŋak/, “south”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽻𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwyn sʾyw /kün sayu/, “everyday”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽰𐾀𐽲𐽳 (kwyn pʾtqw /kün batgu/, “sunset”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐽼𐽰𐾀𐽻𐽶𐽲 (kwyn pʾtsyq /kün batsïk/, “west”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽲𐽳 (kwyn twqqw /kün tuggu/, “sunrise”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽻𐽶𐽲 (kwyn twqsyq /kün tugsïk/, “east”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶 (kwyn tnkry /kün teŋri/, “the Sun-god”)
- 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽼𐽰𐾀𐽻𐽶𐽲𐽲𐽰𐾀𐽷𐽶 (kwynpʾtsyqqʾtky /künbatsïkkategi/, “until sunset”)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Middle Chinese 閫 (kʰuənX, “women's quarters”).
Noun
[edit]𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn /kün/)
Declension
[edit]| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwynlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwynnwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwynlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 (kwynkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwynlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽲 (kwynwq) 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶 (kwynny) |
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (kwynlʾryq) 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwynlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 (kwyntʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (kwynlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwyntyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽺 (kwynwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 (kwyncʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwynkʾrw) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwynlʾyw) |
Etymology 3
[edit]Borrowed from Middle Chinese 卷 (gjwonX, kjwenH, “reel of books, scroll, fascicle”).
Noun
[edit]𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn /kün, küén, küin/)
Declension
[edit]| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺 (kwyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwynlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwynnwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwynlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰 (kwynkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwynlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽲 (kwynwq) 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽺𐽶 (kwynny) |
𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (kwynlʾryq) 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwynlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 (kwyntʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (kwynlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwyntyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽳𐽺 (kwynwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwynlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽽𐽰 (kwyncʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwynkʾrw) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwynlʾyw) |
References
[edit]- ^ "kauṃ", in Adams, D. Q. (2013). A dictionary of Tocharian B.: Revised and greatly enlarged. Rodopi. p. 225-226
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “kün”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 122
- Clauson, G. (1964). Early Turkish astronomical terms. Ural-Aaltaische Jahrbücher, 35(4), 350-368.
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1. kün (~ g-)”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 725
- Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969), “KÜN”, in Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 326
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1, 2, 3, 5) kün”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 440-441