𐱅𐰇𐰢𐰤

Old Turkic

Old Turkic cardinal numbers

<  1,000	10,000	20,000  >
Cardinal : 𐱅𐰇𐰢𐰤 (tümen)

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *tümen (“ten thousand”), possibly from Middle Chinese 萬 (MC mjonH, “myriad”) likely through Tocharian A tmāṃ. Compare also Japanese 万 (man), Korean 만 (man), Chinese borrowings and Mongolian түмэн (tümen), Manchu ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ (tumen), Turkic borrowings.

Numeral

𐱅𐰇𐰢𐰤 (tümen)

1. myriad
   • 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 32

     𐰋𐰃𐰼:𐱃𐰉𐰞𐰴𐰆:𐰘𐰇𐰔:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐱃𐰃:𐰘𐰇𐰔:𐱃𐰉𐰞𐰴𐰆:𐰢𐰃𐰭:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐱃𐰃:𐰢𐰃𐰭:𐱃𐰉𐰞𐰴𐰆:𐱅𐰇𐰢𐰤:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐱃𐰃:𐱅𐰃𐰼

     bir:tabïlqu:yüz:boltï:yüz:tabïlqu:miŋ:boltï:miŋ:tabïlqu:tümen:boltï:tér

     One spriaea became a hundred; a hundred spiraeas became a thousand (and) a thousand spiraeas became ten thousand, it says.

References

• Tekin, Talât (1968) “tümän”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 387
• Tekin, Talât (1993) “tüm(ä)n”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 52
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “tümen”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 507