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π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€

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Avestan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Iranian *xΕ‘aΞΈram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kΕ‘atrΓ‘m, from Proto-Indo-European *tk-e-trΓ³m, from *tek- (β€œto gain power over, gain control over”). Cognate with Sanskrit ΰ€•ΰ₯ΰ€·ΰ€€ΰ₯ΰ€° (kαΉ£atrΓ‘), Old Persian πŽ§ππ‚πŽΆ (xΕ‘aΓ§a).

Noun

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π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ β€’ (xΕ‘aΞΈra) n

  1. rule, control, authority, power

Declension

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Declension of π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (YAv, neuter a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬†π¬¨ (xΕ‘aΞΈrΙ™m) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈra) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈra)
vocative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬†π¬¨ (xΕ‘aΞΈrΙ™m) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈra) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈra)
accusative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬†π¬¨ (xΕ‘aΞΈrΙ™m) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈra) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈra)
instrumental π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈra) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“ibiia) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬π¬Œπ¬± (xΕ‘aΞΈrāiΕ‘)
dative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬π¬Œ (xΕ‘aΞΈrāi) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“ibiia) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬‹ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“ibiiō)
ablative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬π¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrātΜ°) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬€ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“ibiia) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬‹ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“ibiiō)
genitive π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬΅π¬ˆ (xΕ‘aΞΈrahe) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬ƒ (xΕ‘aΞΈraiiā̊) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬₯𐬄𐬨 (xΕ‘aΞΈranΔ…m)
locative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬ˆ (xΕ‘aΞΈre) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬‹ (xΕ‘aΞΈraiiō) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬±π¬Ž (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“Ε‘u)
Declension of π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€ (OAv, neuter a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬†π¬¨ (xΕ‘aΞΈrΙ™m) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬‹π¬Œ (xΕ‘aΞΈrōi) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrā)
vocative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬†π¬¨ (xΕ‘aΞΈrΙ™m) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬‹π¬Œ (xΕ‘aΞΈrōi) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrā)
accusative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬†π¬¨ (xΕ‘aΞΈrΙ™m) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬‹π¬Œ (xΕ‘aΞΈrōi) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrā)
instrumental π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrā) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬‹π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrōibiiā) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬π¬Œπ¬± (xΕ‘aΞΈrāiΕ‘)
dative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬π¬Œ (xΕ‘aΞΈrāi) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬‹π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrōibiiā) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬‹ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“ibiiō)
ablative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬π¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrātΜ°) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬‹π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrōibiiā) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬Œπ¬ π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬‹ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“ibiiō)
genitive π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬΅π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈrahiiā) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬ƒ (xΕ‘aΞΈraiiā̊) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬₯𐬄𐬨 (xΕ‘aΞΈranΔ…m)
locative π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬‰ (xΕ‘aΞΈrΔ“) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬Œπ¬Œπ¬‹ (xΕ‘aΞΈraiiō) π¬‘π¬±π¬€π¬šπ¬­π¬€π¬‰π¬±π¬ (xΕ‘aΞΈraΔ“Ε‘Ε«)

Derived terms

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References

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  • MartΓ­nez GarcΓ­a, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1)‎[1], Brill, β†’ISBN
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