𐤈𐤓𐤍

Philistine

Uncertain. R. D. Barnett speculated the Philistine term might be Indo-European and related to Hittite [script needed] (šarawanaš) / [script needed] (tarawanaš)^[1] or Ancient Greek τῠ́ραννος (túrannos), itself probably a loan from Asia Minor (see entry).^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] Compare Hebrew סֶרֶן (séren), Classical Syriac ܛܘܪܢܐ (ṭurrān[ā], “tyrannical act”).

𐤈𐤓𐤍 (ṭrn)

lord, prince, ruler or tyrant
- Ashkelon 1.3, An Ostracon Recording an Assignment of Flax or Linen (reg. no. 41095; Grid 50, Square 48, Layer 405, Finegrid 17, Bucket 446), 604 BC or earlier:^[10]
  𐤐𐤔𐤕𐤌 𐤟 𐤈𐤓𐤍 𐤟 𐤁𐤕 𐤟 𐤌
  Flax (or linen): the tyrant of Bet M[ ]

^ Nancy K. Sandars, The Sea Peoples: Warriors of the Ancient Mediterranean, 1250–1150 BC, Thames and Hudson, 1978
^ Barnett, "The Sea Peoples", section IV, "The Philistines", New Cambridge Ancient History page 17, critically remarked upon in Michael C. Astour's review article in Journal of the American Oriental Society, 92:3 (July – September 1972:457f)
^ See also W. F. Albright in the New Cambridge Ancient History, vol. I, part I, p. 25, note 3.
^ Helck, Ein sprachliches Indiz für die Herkunft der Philister, in Beiträge zur Namenforschung 21, 1983, p. 31.
^ Meriggi, P. "Schizzo della delineazione nominale dell'eteo geroglifico (Continuazione e fine)", in Archivio Glottologico Italiano, 38, 1953. pp. 36-57.
^ Chantraine, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque. Histoire des mots, vol. 4.1, 1968, p. 1146.
^ Gusmani 1969: R. Gusmani, Isoglossi lessicali Greco-Ittite, in Studi linguistici in onore di Vittore Pisani, Brescia 1969, Vol. 1, p. 511-12.
^ Cornil, P. "Une étymologie étrusco-hittite", Atti del II Congresso Internazionale de Hittitologia, Pavía, 1995, p. 84-85.
^ Rabin, C. "Hittite Words in Hebrew", Or NS 32, 1963, pp. 113-39.
^ Cross, F. M. 2008. "Inscriptions in Phoenician and Other Scripts." In Ashkelon I: Introduction and Overview (1985–2006), ed. L. E. Stager, J. D. Schloen, and D. M. Master, p. 339. Final Reports of the Leon Levy Expedition to Ashkelon 1; Harvard Semitic Museum Publications. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns.