𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-) +‎ 𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (wrikan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fraˈwrikan/

Verb

𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 • (frawrikan) (perfective)

1. (hapax) to persecute
   • 1 Thessalonians 2:15:

     𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐍀𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍆𐌴𐍄𐌿𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌿𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳

     þaiei jah fraujin usqēmun iēsua jah swēsaim praufētum jah uns frawrēkun jah guda ni galeikandans jah allaim mannam andaneiþans sind

     who both killed the Lord Jesus, and their own prophets, and have persecuted us; and they please not God, and are contrary to all men (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 5 strong
Infinitive	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 frawrikan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰 frawrika	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌺 frawrak	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰 frawrikada
2nd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌹𐍃 frawrikis	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌺𐍄 frawrakt	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌶𐌰 frawrikaza
3rd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌸 frawrikiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌺 frawrak	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰 frawrikada
1st dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐍉𐍃 frawrikōs	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌿 frawrēku	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐍄𐍃 frawrikats	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌿𐍄𐍃 frawrēkuts	—
1st plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌼 frawrikam	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌿𐌼 frawrēkum	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 frawrikanda
2nd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌸 frawrikiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌿𐌸 frawrēkuþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 frawrikanda
3rd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳 frawrikand	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌿𐌽 frawrēkun	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 frawrikanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌿 frawrikau	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌿 frawrēkjau	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 frawrikaidau
2nd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃 frawrikais	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃 frawrēkeis	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 frawrikaizau
3rd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹 frawrikai	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌹 frawrēki	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 frawrikaidau
1st dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 frawrikaiwa	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 frawrēkeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 frawrikaits	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 frawrēkeits	—
1st plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 frawrikaima	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 frawrēkeima	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 frawrikaindau
2nd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌸 frawrikaiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌸 frawrēkeiþ	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 frawrikaindau
3rd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 frawrikaina	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 frawrēkeina	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 frawrikaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺 frawrik
3rd singular	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 frawrikadau
2nd dual	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐍄𐍃 frawrikats
2nd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌸 frawrikiþ
3rd plural	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 frawrikandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 frawrikands	𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 frawrikans

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 178