𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-) + a denominal verb from Proto-Germanic *mūlō (“muzzle”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɔrˈmuːljan/

Verb

𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (faurmūljan)

1. to muzzle
   • 1 Corinthians 9:9a

     𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌼𐍉𐍃𐌴𐌶𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍃𐍄: 𐌽𐌹 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰𐌿 𐌸𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽.

     in witōda auk mōsēzis gamēliþ ist: ni faurmūljais auhsau þriskandan.

     For it is written in the law of Moses, thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 faurmūljan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰 faurmūlja	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 faurmūlida	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 faurmūljada
2nd singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 faurmūleis	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 faurmūlidēs	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 faurmūljaza
3rd singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūleiþ	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 faurmūlida	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 faurmūljada
1st dual	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍃 faurmūljōs	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 faurmūlidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 faurmūljats	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 faurmūlidēduts	—
1st plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼 faurmūljam	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 faurmūlidēdum	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 faurmūljanda
2nd plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūleiþ	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 faurmūlidēduþ	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 faurmūljanda
3rd plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 faurmūljand	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 faurmūlidēdun	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 faurmūljanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌿 faurmūljau	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 faurmūlidēdjau	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaidau
2nd singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 faurmūljais	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 faurmūlidēdeis	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaizau
3rd singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹 faurmūljai	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 faurmūlidēdi	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaidau
1st dual	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 faurmūljaiwa	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 faurmūlidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 faurmūljaits	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 faurmūlidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 faurmūljaima	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 faurmūlidēdeima	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaindau
2nd plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 faurmūljaiþ	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūlidēdeiþ	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaindau
3rd plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 faurmūljaina	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 faurmūlidēdeina	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹 faurmūlei
3rd singular	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljadau
2nd dual	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 faurmūljats
2nd plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸 faurmūleiþ
3rd plural	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 faurmūljandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 faurmūljands	𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌸𐍃 faurmūliþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 97