𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌿𐌽- (un-) +‎ 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅 (waurstw).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈunwɔrstws/

Adjective

𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍃 • (unwaurstws)

1. idle (averse to work or labor)
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Timothy 5:13:

     𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐍃𐌹𐌺 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃, 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌽𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃, 𐌰𐌺 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃, 𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐍉𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳.

     aþþan samana jah unwaurstwōns laisjand sik þairhgaggan gardins, aþþan ni þatain unwaurstwōns, ak jah unfaurjōs jah fairweitjandeins, rōdjandeins þōei ni skulda sind.

     And withal they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house; and not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not. (KJV)

Usage notes

• A near-hapax occurring twice altogether in the corpus, both in the same verse quoted above.

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍃 unwaurstws	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰 unwaurstwa	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅, 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌰 unwaurstw, unwaurstwata
Accusative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌰 unwaurstwana	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰 unwaurstwa	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅, 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐍄𐌰 unwaurstw, unwaurstwata
Genitive	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌹𐍃 unwaurstwis	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 unwaurstwaizōs	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌹𐍃 unwaurstwis
Dative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 unwaurstwamma	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹 unwaurstwai	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 unwaurstwamma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹 unwaurstwai	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐍃 unwaurstwōs	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰 unwaurstwa
Accusative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwans	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐍃 unwaurstwōs	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰 unwaurstwa
Genitive	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 unwaurstwaizē	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 unwaurstwaizō	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 unwaurstwaizē
Dative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼 unwaurstwaim	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼 unwaurstwaim	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼 unwaurstwaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰 unwaurstwa	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉 unwaurstwō	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉 unwaurstwō
Accusative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽 unwaurstwan	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽 unwaurstwōn	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉 unwaurstwō
Genitive	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwins	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwōns	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwins
Dative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌹𐌽 unwaurstwin	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽 unwaurstwōn	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌹𐌽 unwaurstwin
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwans	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwōns	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌰 unwaurstwōna
Accusative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwans	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍃 unwaurstwōns	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐌰 unwaurstwōna
Genitive	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌴 unwaurstwanē	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌽𐍉 unwaurstwōnō	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌴 unwaurstwanē
Dative	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌼 unwaurstwam	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐍉𐌼 unwaurstwōm	𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌼 unwaurstwam

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 160