𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin mīlitō (“to serve in the army”). Attested in Wulfila's Bible translation dating to the third quarter of the fourth century, it was according to Dennis Green likely borrowed sometime from the early third century onwards (when contact between Goths and Romans intensified due to the Goths reaching the Dacian frontier in their migrations) to denote the semantic difference between Gothic-style warfare (for which there existed a native word 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (drauhtinōn)) and the kind of army service Goths would have experienced (as auxiliaries or otherwise) in the Roman army.

Verb

𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽 • (militōn)

1. (intransitive) to serve in the (Roman) army

Usage notes

The participle 𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (militōnds) is used by Wulfila to mean 'soldier'.

Conjugation

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽 militōn
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉 militō	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 militōda	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 militōda
2nd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍃 militōs	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐍃 militōdēs	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌶𐌰 militōza
3rd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 militōþ	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 militōda	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 militōda
1st dual	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍃 militōs	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 militōdēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍄𐍃 militōts	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 militōdēduts	—
1st plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌼 militōm	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 militōdēdum	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 militōnda
2nd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 militōþ	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 militōdēduþ	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 militōnda
3rd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳 militōnd	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 militōdēdun	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰 militōnda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉 militō	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 militōdēdjau	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 militōdau
2nd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍃 militōs	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 militōdēdeis	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌶𐌰𐌿 militōzau
3rd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉 militō	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 militōdēdi	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 militōdau
1st dual	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍅𐌰 militōwa	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 militōdēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍄𐍃 militōts	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 militōdēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌼𐌰 militōma	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 militōdēdeima	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 militōndau
2nd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 militōþ	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 militōdēdeiþ	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 militōndau
3rd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌰 militōna	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 militōdēdeina	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 militōndau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉 militō
3rd singular	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 militōdau
2nd dual	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍄𐍃 militōts
2nd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 militōþ
3rd plural	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 militōndau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 militōnds	𐌼𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸𐍃 militōþs

References

• Dennis Green, Language and History in the Early Germanic World (Cambridge 1998)