𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

Unknown; there are no Germanic cognates. Lehmann suggests a connection to Latin pius (“pious”), from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to be clean, pure”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inˈfiːnan/

Verb

𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽 • (infeinan)

1. to be moved with compassion, have compassion
   • Matthew 9:36:

     𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌸𐍉𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌶𐌴, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌱𐌰 𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃.

     gasaiƕands þan þōs manageins infeinōda in izē, untē wēsun afdauidai jah frawaurpanai swē lamba ni habandōna hairdeis.

     But when he saw the multitudes, he was moved with compassion on them, because they fainted, and were scattered abroad, as sheep having no shepherd.

   • Mark 1:41:

     𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃, 𐌿𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌺 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰: 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌿, 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸 𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃.

     iþ iēsus infeinands, ufrakjands handu seina attaitōk imma jah qaþ imma: wiljau, wairþ hrains.

     And Jesus, moved with compassion, put forth his hand, and touched him, and saith unto him, I will; be thou clean. (KJV)

   • Mark 8:2:

     𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌳𐌿 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌾𐌿 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌹𐍃 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐍈𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰

     infeinōda du þizai managein, untē ju dagans þrins miþ mis wēsun jah ni haband ƕa matjaina

     I have compassion on the multitude, because they have now been with me three days, and have nothing to eat (KJV)

   • Luke 7:13:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌸𐍉 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌹: 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐍄!

     jah gasaiƕands þō frauja iēsus infeinōda du izai jah qaþ du izai: ni grēt!

     And when the Lord saw her, he had compassion on her, and said unto her, Weep not. (KJV)

   • Luke 15:20b:

     𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌿𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍂𐌰 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌰𐍈 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰 𐌹𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐍃 𐌹𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌺𐌿𐌺𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰.

     nauhþanuh þan fairra wisandan gasaƕ ina atta is jah infeinōda jah þragjands draus ana hals is jah kukida imma.

     But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him.

2. to be tender
   • Luke 1:78:

     𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃, 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍉𐌸 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌰 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌿𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹

     þairh infeinandein armahairtein gudis unsaris, in þammei gaweisōþ unsara urruns us hauhiþai

     Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 4 weak
Infinitive	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽 infeinan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 infeina	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 infeinōda	—
2nd singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃 infeinis	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐍃 infeinōdēs	—
3rd singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌸 infeiniþ	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰 infeinōda	—
1st dual	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐍃 infeinōs	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 infeinōdēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 infeinats	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 infeinōdēduts	—
1st plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼 infeinam	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 infeinōdēdum	—
2nd plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌸 infeiniþ	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 infeinōdēduþ	—
3rd plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳 infeinand	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 infeinōdēdun	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌿 infeinau	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 infeinōdēdjau	—
2nd singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 infeinais	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 infeinōdēdeis	—
3rd singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 infeinai	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 infeinōdēdi	—
1st dual	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 infeinaiwa	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 infeinōdēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 infeinaits	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 infeinōdēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 infeinaima	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 infeinōdēdeima	—
2nd plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 infeinaiþ	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 infeinōdēdeiþ	—
3rd plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 infeinaina	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 infeinōdēdeina	—
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽 infein
3rd singular	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 infeinadau
2nd dual	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 infeinats
2nd plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌸 infeiniþ
3rd plural	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 infeinandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 infeinands	—

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 34