𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌹𐌽- (in-) +‎ 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 (witōþ), a calque of Ancient Greek ἔννομος (énnomos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈinwitoːθs/

Adjective

𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸𐍃 • (inwitōþs)

1. under the law, law-abiding
   • 1 Corinthians 9:21:

     𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌼 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃, 𐌽𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃, 𐌰𐌺 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸⟨𐍃⟩ 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍃, 𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌲⟨𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾⟩𐌰𐌿 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐍃.

     þaim witōdalausam swē witōdalaus, ni wisands witōdis laus gudis, ak inwitōþ⟨s⟩ xristaus, ei gageigg⟨aidēdj⟩au witōdalausans.

     To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law. (KJV)

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸𐍃 inwitōþs	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 inwitōda	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸, 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍄𐌰 inwitōþ, inwitōdata
Accusative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰 inwitōdana	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 inwitōda	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸, 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐍄𐌰 inwitōþ, inwitōdata
Genitive	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐍃 inwitōdis	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 inwitōdaizōs	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐍃 inwitōdis
Dative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 inwitōdamma	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹 inwitōdai	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 inwitōdamma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹 inwitōdai	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐍃 inwitōdōs	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 inwitōda
Accusative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 inwitōdans	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐍃 inwitōdōs	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 inwitōda
Genitive	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 inwitōdaizē	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 inwitōdaizō	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 inwitōdaizē
Dative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌼 inwitōdaim	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌼 inwitōdaim	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌼 inwitōdaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 inwitōda	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉 inwitōdō	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉 inwitōdō
Accusative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽 inwitōdan	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽 inwitōdōn	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉 inwitōdō
Genitive	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 inwitōdins	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍃 inwitōdōns	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 inwitōdins
Dative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐌽 inwitōdin	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽 inwitōdōn	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐌽 inwitōdin
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 inwitōdans	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍃 inwitōdōns	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 inwitōdōna
Accusative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 inwitōdans	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍃 inwitōdōns	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌰 inwitōdōna
Genitive	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 inwitōdanē	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌽𐍉 inwitōdōnō	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴 inwitōdanē
Dative	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌼 inwitōdam	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐍉𐌼 inwitōdōm	𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌼 inwitōdam

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 69