𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽 (fraihnan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈfrɛhnan/

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽 • (gafraihnan) (perfective)

1. to ask after, ask about
   • Romans 10:20:

     𐌹𐌸 𐌴𐍃𐌰𐌹̈𐌰𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌸: 𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌹𐌺 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼, 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌹𐌺 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼.

     iþ ēsaïas anananþeiþ jah qiþiþ: bigitans warþ þaim mik ni gasōkjandam, swikunþs warþ þaim mik ni gafraihnandam.

     But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me. (KJV)

2. to find out (by asking)
   • Mark 2:1:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍂𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌺𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌼 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌿𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄.

     jah galaiþ aftra in kafarnaum afar dagans, jah gafrēhun þatei in garda ist.

     And again he entered into Capernaum after some days; and it was noised that he was in the house. (KJV)

     (literally, “…and they found out that he was in the house.”)

Conjugation

Class 5 strong, irregular
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽 gafraihnan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰 gafraihna	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌷 gafrah	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰 gafraihnada
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌹𐍃 gafraihnis	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌷𐍄 gafraht	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌶𐌰 gafraihnaza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌸 gafraihniþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌷 gafrah	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰 gafraihnada
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐍉𐍃 gafraihnōs	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌿 gafrēhu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 gafraihnats	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌿𐍄𐍃 gafrēhuts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌼 gafraihnam	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌿𐌼 gafrēhum	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gafraihnanda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌸 gafraihniþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌿𐌸 gafrēhuþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gafraihnanda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳 gafraihnand	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌿𐌽 gafrēhun	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gafraihnanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌿 gafraihnau	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌿 gafrēhjau	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafraihnaidau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃 gafraihnais	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍃 gafrēheis	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gafraihnaizau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹 gafraihnai	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌹 gafrēhi	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafraihnaidau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gafraihnaiwa	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gafrēheiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gafraihnaits	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gafrēheits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gafraihnaima	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gafrēheima	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafraihnaindau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 gafraihnaiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌸 gafrēheiþ	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafraihnaindau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gafraihnaina	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌷𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gafrēheina	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafraihnaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽 gafraihn
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafraihnadau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍃 gafraihnats
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌸 gafraihniþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gafraihnandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gafraihnands	𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃 gafraihans

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 36