𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

Apparently from 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gastōjan, “to judge, determine”), though the semantic development is unclear. It is used at 2 Thessalonian 3:2 to translate Ancient Greek ἄτοπος (átopos), which most literally means “out of place” but in this passage is generally translated “unreasonable” or “wicked”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈstoːjans/

Adjective

𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 • (gastōjans)

1. unreasonable? wicked?
   • 2 Thessalonians 3:2:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌰𐍆 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌼; 𐌽𐌹 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃.

     jah ei uslausjaindau af gastōjanaim jah ubilaim mannam; ni auk ist allaim galaubeins.

     And that we may be delivered from unreasonable and wicked men: for all men have not faith. (KJV)

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 gastōjans	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰 gastōjana	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽, 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍄𐌰 gastōjan, gastōjanata
Accusative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰 gastōjanana	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰 gastōjana	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽, 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍄𐌰 gastōjan, gastōjanata
Genitive	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃 gastōjanis	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 gastōjanaizōs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃 gastōjanis
Dative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 gastōjanamma	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹 gastōjanai	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 gastōjanamma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹 gastōjanai	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐍃 gastōjanōs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰 gastōjana
Accusative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 gastōjanans	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐍃 gastōjanōs	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰 gastōjana
Genitive	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 gastōjanaizē	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 gastōjanaizō	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 gastōjanaizē
Dative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 gastōjanaim	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 gastōjanaim	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌼 gastōjanaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰 gastōjana	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉 gastōjanō	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉 gastōjanō
Accusative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 gastōjanan	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽 gastōjanōn	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉 gastōjanō
Genitive	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌽𐍃 gastōjanins	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍃 gastōjanōns	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌽𐍃 gastōjanins
Dative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌽 gastōjanin	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽 gastōjanōn	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌽 gastōjanin
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 gastōjanans	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍃 gastōjanōns	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽𐌰 gastōjanōna
Accusative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 gastōjanans	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍃 gastōjanōns	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽𐌰 gastōjanōna
Genitive	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌴 gastōjananē	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍉 gastōjanōnō	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌴 gastōjananē
Dative	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼 gastōjanam	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌼 gastōjanōm	𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼 gastōjanam