𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ Proto-Germanic *murgijaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaˈmɔrɡjan/

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (gamaurgjan) (perfective)

1. to shorten, cut short
   • Mark 13:20:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌽𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌴𐍃𐌹 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌷𐌿𐌽 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌴; 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴, 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰, 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃.

     jah ni frauja gamaurgidēdi þans dagans, ni þauh ganēsi ainhun leikē; akei in þizē gawalidanē, þanzei gawalida, gamaurgida þans dagans.

     And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days. (KJV)

   • Romans 9:28

     𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌸 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌸 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹.

     waurd auk ustiuhands jah gamaurgjands in garaihtein, untē waurd gamaurgiþ taujiþ frauja ana airþai.

     For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 gamaurgjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰 gamaurgja	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 gamaurgida	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gamaurgjada
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌴𐌹𐍃 gamaurgeis	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 gamaurgidēs	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 gamaurgjaza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 gamaurgeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 gamaurgida	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gamaurgjada
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐍉𐍃 gamaurgjōs	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 gamaurgidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gamaurgjats	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 gamaurgidēduts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌼 gamaurgjam	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 gamaurgidēdum	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gamaurgjanda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 gamaurgeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 gamaurgidēduþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gamaurgjanda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 gamaurgjand	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 gamaurgidēdun	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gamaurgjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjau	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 gamaurgidēdjau	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjaidau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 gamaurgjais	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 gamaurgidēdeis	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjaizau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹 gamaurgjai	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 gamaurgidēdi	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjaidau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gamaurgjaiwa	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gamaurgidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gamaurgjaits	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gamaurgidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gamaurgjaima	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gamaurgidēdeima	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjaindau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 gamaurgjaiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 gamaurgidēdeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjaindau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gamaurgjaina	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gamaurgidēdeina	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌴𐌹 gamaurgei
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjadau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gamaurgjats
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌸 gamaurgeiþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gamaurgjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gamaurgjands	𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌸𐍃 gamaurgiþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 93