𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (gamains, “vulgar, unclean”) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan)

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (gagamainjan) (perfective)

1. (hapax) to defile (make impure or dirty)
   • Mark 7:23:

     𐌸𐍉 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌸𐍂𐍉 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽.

     þō alla ubilōna innaþrō usgaggand jah gagamainjand mannan.

     All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 gagamainjan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰 gagamainja	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 gagamainida	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gagamainjada
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 gagamaineis	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 gagamainidēs	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 gagamainjaza
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 gagamaineiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 gagamainida	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 gagamainjada
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃 gagamainjōs	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 gagamainidēdu	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gagamainjats	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 gagamainidēduts	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼 gagamainjam	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 gagamainidēdum	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gagamainjanda
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 gagamaineiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 gagamainidēduþ	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gagamainjanda
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 gagamainjand	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 gagamainidēdun	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 gagamainjanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌿 gagamainjau	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 gagamainidēdjau	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gagamainjaidau
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 gagamainjais	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 gagamainidēdeis	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 gagamainjaizau
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹 gagamainjai	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 gagamainidēdi	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 gagamainjaidau
1st dual	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 gagamainjaiwa	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 gagamainidēdeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 gagamainjaits	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 gagamainidēdeits	—
1st plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 gagamainjaima	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 gagamainidēdeima	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gagamainjaindau
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 gagamainjaiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 gagamainidēdeiþ	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gagamainjaindau
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 gagamainjaina	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 gagamainidēdeina	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gagamainjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹 gagamainei
3rd singular	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 gagamainjadau
2nd dual	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 gagamainjats
2nd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 gagamaineiþ
3rd plural	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 gagamainjandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 gagamainjands	𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌸𐍃 gagamainiþs

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 88