𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +‎ 𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (speiwan)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biˈspiːwan/

Verb

𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 • (bispeiwan)

1. to spit on
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 15:19:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌻𐍉𐌷𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌺𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰.

     jah slōhun is haubiþ rausa jah bispiwun ina jah lagjandans kniwa inwitun ina.

     And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing their knees worshipped him. (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Luke 18:32:

     𐌰𐍄𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐌿𐌺 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰

     atgibada auk þiudōm jah bilaikada jah anamahtjada jah bispeiwada

     For he shall be delivered unto the Gentiles, and shall be mocked, and spitefully entreated, and spitted on (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 strong
Infinitive	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 bispeiwan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 bispeiwa	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍅 bispaiw	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰 bispeiwada
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃 bispeiwis	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍄 bispaiwt	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌶𐌰 bispeiwaza
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 bispeiwiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌹𐍅 bispaiw	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰 bispeiwada
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐍉𐍃 bispeiwōs	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌿 bispiwu	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍃 bispeiwats	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌿𐍄𐍃 bispiwuts	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌼 bispeiwam	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌿𐌼 bispiwum	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 bispeiwanda
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 bispeiwiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌿𐌸 bispiwuþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 bispeiwanda
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳 bispeiwand	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌿𐌽 bispiwun	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 bispeiwanda
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌿 bispeiwau	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌿 bispiwjau	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 bispeiwaidau
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍃 bispeiwais	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 bispiweis	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 bispeiwaizau
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹 bispeiwai	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌹 bispiwi	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 bispeiwaidau
1st dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 bispeiwaiwa	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 bispiweiwa	—
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 bispeiwaits	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 bispiweits	—
1st plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 bispeiwaima	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 bispiweima	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 bispeiwaindau
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌸 bispeiwaiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌸 bispiweiþ	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 bispeiwaindau
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 bispeiwaina	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 bispiweina	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 bispeiwaindau
Imperative
2nd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅 bispeiw
3rd singular	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 bispeiwadau
2nd dual	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍃 bispeiwats
2nd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 bispeiwiþ
3rd plural	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 bispeiwandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 bispeiwands	𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 bispiwans

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 127