죄다

Korean

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕwe̞(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈt͡ɕø̞(ː)da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [줴(ː)다/죄(ː)다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	joeda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	joeda
McCune–Reischauer?	choeda
Yale Romanization?	cōyta

Etymology 1

First attested in the Gyechuk ilgi (癸丑日記 / 계축일기), c. 1600 , as Early Modern Korean 죄히다 (Yale: cwoyhi-ta). Contraction of 조이다 (joida).

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	죄다 (joeda)
Passive	죄이다 (joeida)

죄다 • (joeda) (infinitive 좨 or 죄어, sequential 죄니)

1. (transitive) to cinch; to tighten, to make tighter
2. (transitive) to put close; to sit close
3. (transitive) to feel anxious; to worry
4. (intransitive) to squeeze, to be tight

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 죄다 (joeda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	죈다 joenda	좨 jwae	좨요, 죄어요 jwaeyo, joeeoyo	죕니다 joemnida
	Past	좼다 jwaetda	좼어 jwaesseo	좼어요 jwaesseoyo	좼습니다 jwaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	죄느냐 joeneunya	좨 jwae	좨요, 죄어요 jwaeyo, joeeoyo	죕니까 joemnikka
	Past	좼느냐 jwaenneunya	좼어 jwaesseo	좼어요 jwaesseoyo	좼습니까 jwaetseumnikka
Hortative		죄자 joeja	좨 jwae	좨요, 죄어요 jwaeyo, joeeoyo	죄십시다 joesipsida
Imperative		좨라, 죄어라 jwaera, joeeora	좨 jwae	좨요, 죄어요 jwaeyo, joeeoyo	죕시오 joepsio
Assertive		죄겠다 joegetda	죄겠어 joegesseo	죄겠어요 joegesseoyo	죄겠습니다 joegetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		좨 jwae	좨서, 죄어서 jwaeseo, joeeoseo	죄니 joeni	죄니까 joenikka
Contrast		죄지만 joejiman	죄는데 joeneunde	죄더니 joedeoni
Conjunction		죄고 joego
Condition		죄면 joemyeon	좨야, 죄어야 jwaeya, joeeoya
Motive		죄려고 joeryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		죔 joem	죄기 joegi
Past-tense verbal nouns		좼음, 죄었음 jwaesseum, joeeosseum	좼기, 죄었기 jwaetgi, joeeotgi
Determiners	Past	죈 joen
	Present	죄는 joeneun
	Future	죌 joel

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	죄신다 joesinda	죄셔 joesyeo	죄세요, 죄셔요 joeseyo, joesyeoyo	죄십니다 joesimnida
	Past	죄셨다 joesyeotda	죄셨어 joesyeosseo	죄셨어요 joesyeosseoyo	죄셨습니다 joesyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	죄시느냐 joesineunya	죄셔 joesyeo	죄세요, 죄셔요 joeseyo, joesyeoyo	죄십니까 joesimnikka
	Past	죄셨느냐 joesyeonneunya	죄셨어 joesyeosseo	죄셨어요 joesyeosseoyo	죄셨습니까 joesyeotseumnikka
Imperative		죄시라 joesira	죄셔 joesyeo	죄세요 joeseyo	죄십시오 joesipsio
Assertive		죄시겠다 joesigetda	죄시겠어 joesigesseo	죄시겠어요 joesigesseoyo	죄시겠습니다 joesigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		죄셔 joesyeo	죄셔서 joesyeoseo	죄시니 joesini	죄시니까 joesinikka
Contrast		죄시지만 joesijiman	죄시는데 joesineunde	죄시더니 joesideoni
Conjunction		죄시고 joesigo
Condition		죄시면 joesimyeon	죄셔야 joesyeoya
Motive		죄시려고 joesiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		죄심 joesim	죄시기 joesigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		죄셨음 joesyeosseum	죄셨기 joesyeotgi
Determiners	Past	죄신 joesin
	Present	죄시는 joesineun
	Future	죄실 joesil

Alternative forms

• 조이다 (joida)

Etymology 2

죄 (joe) +‎ 다 (da).

Adverb

죄다 • (joeda)

1. all, wholy, completely