종용하다

Korean

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ŋjoŋɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [종용하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jong'yonghada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jong'yonghada
McCune–Reischauer?	chongyonghada
Yale Romanization?	congyonghata

Etymology 1

From 종용(從容) (jong'yong, “calm”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Adjective

종용하다 • (jong'yonghada) (infinitive 종용해 or 종용하여, sequential 종용하니)

1. calm, unhurried, leisurely

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 종용하다 (jong'yonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	종용하다 jong'yonghada	종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo	종용합니다 jong'yonghamnida
	Past	종용했다 jong'yonghaetda	종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo	종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo	종용했습니다 jong'yonghaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	종용하냐 jong'yonghanya	종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo	종용합니까 jong'yonghamnikka
	Past	종용했냐 jong'yonghaennya	종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo	종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo	종용했습니까 jong'yonghaetseumnikka
Assertive		종용하겠다 jong'yonghagetda	종용하겠어 jong'yonghagesseo	종용하겠어요 jong'yonghagesseoyo	종용하겠습니다 jong'yonghagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해서, 종용하여서 jong'yonghaeseo, jong'yonghayeoseo	종용하니 jong'yonghani	종용하니까 jong'yonghanikka
Contrast		종용하지만 jong'yonghajiman	종용한데 jong'yonghande	종용하더니 jong'yonghadeoni
Conjunction		종용하고 jong'yonghago
Condition		종용하면 jong'yonghamyeon	종용해야, 종용하여야 jong'yonghaeya, jong'yonghayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		종용함 jong'yongham	종용하기 jong'yonghagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		종용했음, 종용하였음 jong'yonghaesseum, jong'yonghayeosseum	종용했기, 종용하였기 jong'yonghaetgi, jong'yonghayeotgi
Determiners	Present		종용한 jong'yonghan
	Future		종용할 jong'yonghal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	종용하시다 jong'yonghasida	종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo	종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo	종용하십니다 jong'yonghasimnida
	Past	종용하셨다 jong'yonghasyeotda	종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo	종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo	종용하셨습니다 jong'yonghasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	종용하시냐 jong'yonghasinya	종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo	종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo	종용하십니까 jong'yonghasimnikka
	Past	종용하셨냐 jong'yonghasyeonnya	종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo	종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo	종용하셨습니까 jong'yonghasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		종용하시겠다 jong'yonghasigetda	종용하시겠어 jong'yonghasigesseo	종용하시겠어요 jong'yonghasigesseoyo	종용하시겠습니다 jong'yonghasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo	종용하셔서 jong'yonghasyeoseo	종용하시니 jong'yonghasini	종용하시니까 jong'yonghasinikka
Contrast		종용하시지만 jong'yonghasijiman	종용하신데 jong'yonghasinde	종용하시더니 jong'yonghasideoni
Conjunction		종용하시고 jong'yonghasigo
Condition		종용하시면 jong'yonghasimyeon	종용하셔야 jong'yonghasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		종용하심 jong'yonghasim	종용하시기 jong'yonghasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		종용하셨음 jong'yonghasyeosseum	종용하셨기 jong'yonghasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		종용하신 jong'yonghasin
	Future		종용하실 jong'yonghasil

Etymology 2

From 종용(慫慂) (jong'yong, “urging, pressuring, inducement”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Verb

종용하다 • (jong'yonghada) (infinitive 종용해 or 종용하여, sequential 종용하니)

1. (transitive) to urge, pressure, coax, provoke, induce (to), push (to)

   투항할 것을 종용하다 ― tuhanghal geos-eul jong'yonghada ― to urge (someone) to surrender something

   철수를 종용하다 ― cheolsu-reul jong'yonghada ― to push for an evacuation

   그들은 아들에게 대학을 마치기를 종용했다.

   Geudeur-eun adeur-ege daehag-eul machigi-reul jong'yonghaetda.

   They prevailed on their son to finish university.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 종용하다 (jong'yonghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	종용한다 jong'yonghanda	종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo	종용합니다 jong'yonghamnida
	Past	종용했다 jong'yonghaetda	종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo	종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo	종용했습니다 jong'yonghaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	종용하느냐 jong'yonghaneunya	종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo	종용합니까 jong'yonghamnikka
	Past	종용했느냐 jong'yonghaenneunya	종용했어 jong'yonghaesseo	종용했어요 jong'yonghaesseoyo	종용했습니까 jong'yonghaetseumnikka
Hortative		종용하자 jong'yonghaja	종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo	종용하십시다 jong'yonghasipsida
Imperative		종용해라, 종용하여라 jong'yonghaera, jong'yonghayeora	종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해요 jong'yonghaeyo	종용합시오 jong'yonghapsio
Assertive		종용하겠다 jong'yonghagetda	종용하겠어 jong'yonghagesseo	종용하겠어요 jong'yonghagesseoyo	종용하겠습니다 jong'yonghagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		종용해 jong'yonghae	종용해서, 종용하여서 jong'yonghaeseo, jong'yonghayeoseo	종용하니 jong'yonghani	종용하니까 jong'yonghanikka
Contrast		종용하지만 jong'yonghajiman	종용하는데 jong'yonghaneunde	종용하더니 jong'yonghadeoni
Conjunction		종용하고 jong'yonghago
Condition		종용하면 jong'yonghamyeon	종용해야, 종용하여야 jong'yonghaeya, jong'yonghayeoya
Motive		종용하려고 jong'yongharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		종용함 jong'yongham	종용하기 jong'yonghagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		종용했음, 종용하였음 jong'yonghaesseum, jong'yonghayeosseum	종용했기, 종용하였기 jong'yonghaetgi, jong'yonghayeotgi
Determiners	Past	종용한 jong'yonghan
	Present	종용하는 jong'yonghaneun
	Future	종용할 jong'yonghal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	종용하신다 jong'yonghasinda	종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo	종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo	종용하십니다 jong'yonghasimnida
	Past	종용하셨다 jong'yonghasyeotda	종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo	종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo	종용하셨습니다 jong'yonghasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	종용하시느냐 jong'yonghasineunya	종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo	종용하세요, 종용하셔요 jong'yonghaseyo, jong'yonghasyeoyo	종용하십니까 jong'yonghasimnikka
	Past	종용하셨느냐 jong'yonghasyeonneunya	종용하셨어 jong'yonghasyeosseo	종용하셨어요 jong'yonghasyeosseoyo	종용하셨습니까 jong'yonghasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		종용하시라 jong'yonghasira	종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo	종용하세요 jong'yonghaseyo	종용하십시오 jong'yonghasipsio
Assertive		종용하시겠다 jong'yonghasigetda	종용하시겠어 jong'yonghasigesseo	종용하시겠어요 jong'yonghasigesseoyo	종용하시겠습니다 jong'yonghasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		종용하셔 jong'yonghasyeo	종용하셔서 jong'yonghasyeoseo	종용하시니 jong'yonghasini	종용하시니까 jong'yonghasinikka
Contrast		종용하시지만 jong'yonghasijiman	종용하시는데 jong'yonghasineunde	종용하시더니 jong'yonghasideoni
Conjunction		종용하시고 jong'yonghasigo
Condition		종용하시면 jong'yonghasimyeon	종용하셔야 jong'yonghasyeoya
Motive		종용하시려고 jong'yonghasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		종용하심 jong'yonghasim	종용하시기 jong'yonghasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		종용하셨음 jong'yonghasyeosseum	종용하셨기 jong'yonghasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	종용하신 jong'yonghasin
	Present	종용하시는 jong'yonghasineun
	Future	종용하실 jong'yonghasil