절다

Korean

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕɘ(ː)ɭda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [절(ː)다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jeolda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jeolda
McCune–Reischauer?	chŏlda
Yale Romanization?	cēlta

Etymology 1

Of native Korean origin.

Verb

Korean verb set

Base	절다 (jeolda)
Causative	절이다 (jeorida)

절다 • (jeolda) (infinitive 절어, sequential 저니)

1. (intransitive) to be doused, to be drenched

   술에 절다 ― sur-e jeolda ― to be besotted/completely drunk

   땀에 절다 ― ttam-e jeolda ― to be drenched in sweat

2. (intransitive) to be salted, to be pickled

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 절다 (jeolda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	전다 jeonda	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	접니다 jeomnida
	Past	절었다 jeoreotda	절었어 jeoreosseo	절었어요 jeoreosseoyo	절었습니다 jeoreotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	저느냐 jeoneunya	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	접니까 jeomnikka
	Past	절었느냐 jeoreonneunya	절었어 jeoreosseo	절었어요 jeoreosseoyo	절었습니까 jeoreotseumnikka
Hortative		절자 jeolja	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	저십시다 jeosipsida
Imperative		절어라 jeoreora	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	접시오 jeopsio
Assertive		절겠다 jeolgetda	절겠어 jeolgesseo	절겠어요 jeolgesseoyo	절겠습니다 jeolgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		절어 jeoreo	절어서 jeoreoseo	저니 jeoni	저니까 jeonikka
Contrast		절지만 jeoljiman	저는데 jeoneunde	절더니 jeoldeoni
Conjunction		절고 jeolgo
Condition		절면 jeolmyeon	절어야 jeoreoya
Motive		절려고 jeollyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		젊 jeom	절기 jeolgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		절었음 jeoreosseum	절었기 jeoreotgi
Determiners	Past	전 jeon
	Present	저는 jeoneun
	Future	절 jeol

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	저신다 jeosinda	저셔 jeosyeo	저세요, 저셔요 jeoseyo, jeosyeoyo	저십니다 jeosimnida
	Past	저셨다 jeosyeotda	저셨어 jeosyeosseo	저셨어요 jeosyeosseoyo	저셨습니다 jeosyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	저시느냐 jeosineunya	저셔 jeosyeo	저세요, 저셔요 jeoseyo, jeosyeoyo	저십니까 jeosimnikka
	Past	저셨느냐 jeosyeonneunya	저셨어 jeosyeosseo	저셨어요 jeosyeosseoyo	저셨습니까 jeosyeotseumnikka
Imperative		저시라 jeosira	저셔 jeosyeo	저세요 jeoseyo	저십시오 jeosipsio
Assertive		저시겠다 jeosigetda	저시겠어 jeosigesseo	저시겠어요 jeosigesseoyo	저시겠습니다 jeosigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		저셔 jeosyeo	저셔서 jeosyeoseo	저시니 jeosini	저시니까 jeosinikka
Contrast		저시지만 jeosijiman	저시는데 jeosineunde	저시더니 jeosideoni
Conjunction		저시고 jeosigo
Condition		저시면 jeosimyeon	저셔야 jeosyeoya
Motive		저시려고 jeosiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		저심 jeosim	저시기 jeosigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		저셨음 jeosyeosseum	저셨기 jeosyeotgi
Determiners	Past	저신 jeosin
	Present	저시는 jeosineun
	Future	저실 jeosil

Etymology 2

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 절〯다〮 (Yale: cěl-tá).

Verb

절다 • (jeolda) (infinitive 절어, sequential 저니)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to limp, to hobble

   저는 아까 다리를 저는 사람을 보았습니다.

   Jeo-neun akka dari-reul jeoneun saram-eul boatseumnida.

   I saw someone limping earlier.

2. (by extension, of song lyrics) to stutter, to get your tongue twisted

   가사를 너무 절었다.

   Gasa-reul neomu jeoreotda.

   I got my tongue twisted too much on the lyrics.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 절다 (jeolda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	전다 jeonda	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	접니다 jeomnida
	Past	절었다 jeoreotda	절었어 jeoreosseo	절었어요 jeoreosseoyo	절었습니다 jeoreotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	저느냐 jeoneunya	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	접니까 jeomnikka
	Past	절었느냐 jeoreonneunya	절었어 jeoreosseo	절었어요 jeoreosseoyo	절었습니까 jeoreotseumnikka
Hortative		절자 jeolja	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	저십시다 jeosipsida
Imperative		절어라 jeoreora	절어 jeoreo	절어요 jeoreoyo	접시오 jeopsio
Assertive		절겠다 jeolgetda	절겠어 jeolgesseo	절겠어요 jeolgesseoyo	절겠습니다 jeolgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		절어 jeoreo	절어서 jeoreoseo	저니 jeoni	저니까 jeonikka
Contrast		절지만 jeoljiman	저는데 jeoneunde	절더니 jeoldeoni
Conjunction		절고 jeolgo
Condition		절면 jeolmyeon	절어야 jeoreoya
Motive		절려고 jeollyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		젊 jeom	절기 jeolgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		절었음 jeoreosseum	절었기 jeoreotgi
Determiners	Past	전 jeon
	Present	저는 jeoneun
	Future	절 jeol

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	저신다 jeosinda	저셔 jeosyeo	저세요, 저셔요 jeoseyo, jeosyeoyo	저십니다 jeosimnida
	Past	저셨다 jeosyeotda	저셨어 jeosyeosseo	저셨어요 jeosyeosseoyo	저셨습니다 jeosyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	저시느냐 jeosineunya	저셔 jeosyeo	저세요, 저셔요 jeoseyo, jeosyeoyo	저십니까 jeosimnikka
	Past	저셨느냐 jeosyeonneunya	저셨어 jeosyeosseo	저셨어요 jeosyeosseoyo	저셨습니까 jeosyeotseumnikka
Imperative		저시라 jeosira	저셔 jeosyeo	저세요 jeoseyo	저십시오 jeosipsio
Assertive		저시겠다 jeosigetda	저시겠어 jeosigesseo	저시겠어요 jeosigesseoyo	저시겠습니다 jeosigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		저셔 jeosyeo	저셔서 jeosyeoseo	저시니 jeosini	저시니까 jeosinikka
Contrast		저시지만 jeosijiman	저시는데 jeosineunde	저시더니 jeosideoni
Conjunction		저시고 jeosigo
Condition		저시면 jeosimyeon	저셔야 jeosyeoya
Motive		저시려고 jeosiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		저심 jeosim	저시기 jeosigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		저셨음 jeosyeosseum	저셨기 jeosyeotgi
Determiners	Past	저신 jeosin
	Present	저시는 jeosineun
	Future	저실 jeosil