약하다

Korean

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ja̠kʰa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [야카다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	yakhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	yaghada
McCune–Reischauer?	yakhada
Yale Romanization?	yak.hata

Etymology 1

First attested in the Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, as Middle Korean ᅀᅣᆨ〮ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: zyák-hòtá).

약(弱) (“weakness”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Adjective

약하다 • (yakhada) (infinitive 약해 or 약하여, sequential 약하니, hanja 弱하다)

1. to be weak

   Synonym: (native Korean counterpart) 여리다 (yeorida)

   Antonyms: 세다 (seda), 굳세다 (gutseda), 강(強)하다 (ganghada)

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 약하다 (yakhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	약하다 yakhada	약해 yakhae	약해요 yakhaeyo	약합니다 yakhamnida
	Past	약했다 yakhaetda	약했어 yakhaesseo	약했어요 yakhaesseoyo	약했습니다 yakhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	약하냐 yakhanya	약해 yakhae	약해요 yakhaeyo	약합니까 yakhamnikka
	Past	약했냐 yakhaennya	약했어 yakhaesseo	약했어요 yakhaesseoyo	약했습니까 yakhaetseumnikka
Assertive		약하겠다 yakhagetda	약하겠어 yakhagesseo	약하겠어요 yakhagesseoyo	약하겠습니다 yakhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		약해 yakhae	약해서, 약하여서 yakhaeseo, yakhayeoseo	약하니 yakhani	약하니까 yakhanikka
Contrast		약하지만 yakhajiman	약한데 yakhande	약하더니 yakhadeoni
Conjunction		약하고 yakhago
Condition		약하면 yakhamyeon	약해야, 약하여야 yakhaeya, yakhayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		약함 yakham	약하기 yakhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		약했음, 약하였음 yakhaesseum, yakhayeosseum	약했기, 약하였기 yakhaetgi, yakhayeotgi
Determiners	Present		약한 yakhan
	Future		약할 yakhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	약하시다 yakhasida	약하셔 yakhasyeo	약하세요, 약하셔요 yakhaseyo, yakhasyeoyo	약하십니다 yakhasimnida
	Past	약하셨다 yakhasyeotda	약하셨어 yakhasyeosseo	약하셨어요 yakhasyeosseoyo	약하셨습니다 yakhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	약하시냐 yakhasinya	약하셔 yakhasyeo	약하세요, 약하셔요 yakhaseyo, yakhasyeoyo	약하십니까 yakhasimnikka
	Past	약하셨냐 yakhasyeonnya	약하셨어 yakhasyeosseo	약하셨어요 yakhasyeosseoyo	약하셨습니까 yakhasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		약하시겠다 yakhasigetda	약하시겠어 yakhasigesseo	약하시겠어요 yakhasigesseoyo	약하시겠습니다 yakhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		약하셔 yakhasyeo	약하셔서 yakhasyeoseo	약하시니 yakhasini	약하시니까 yakhasinikka
Contrast		약하시지만 yakhasijiman	약하신데 yakhasinde	약하시더니 yakhasideoni
Conjunction		약하시고 yakhasigo
Condition		약하시면 yakhasimyeon	약하셔야 yakhasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		약하심 yakhasim	약하시기 yakhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		약하셨음 yakhasyeosseum	약하셨기 yakhasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		약하신 yakhasin
	Future		약하실 yakhasil

Etymology 2

약(藥) (yak, “medicine”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Verb

약하다 • (yakhada) (infinitive 약해 or 약하여, sequential 약하니, hanja 藥하다)

1. to use as medicine

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 약하다 (yakhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	약한다 yakhanda	약해 yakhae	약해요 yakhaeyo	약합니다 yakhamnida
	Past	약했다 yakhaetda	약했어 yakhaesseo	약했어요 yakhaesseoyo	약했습니다 yakhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	약하느냐 yakhaneunya	약해 yakhae	약해요 yakhaeyo	약합니까 yakhamnikka
	Past	약했느냐 yakhaenneunya	약했어 yakhaesseo	약했어요 yakhaesseoyo	약했습니까 yakhaetseumnikka
Hortative		약하자 yakhaja	약해 yakhae	약해요 yakhaeyo	약하십시다 yakhasipsida
Imperative		약해라, 약하여라 yakhaera, yakhayeora	약해 yakhae	약해요 yakhaeyo	약합시오 yakhapsio
Assertive		약하겠다 yakhagetda	약하겠어 yakhagesseo	약하겠어요 yakhagesseoyo	약하겠습니다 yakhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		약해 yakhae	약해서, 약하여서 yakhaeseo, yakhayeoseo	약하니 yakhani	약하니까 yakhanikka
Contrast		약하지만 yakhajiman	약하는데 yakhaneunde	약하더니 yakhadeoni
Conjunction		약하고 yakhago
Condition		약하면 yakhamyeon	약해야, 약하여야 yakhaeya, yakhayeoya
Motive		약하려고 yakharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		약함 yakham	약하기 yakhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		약했음, 약하였음 yakhaesseum, yakhayeosseum	약했기, 약하였기 yakhaetgi, yakhayeotgi
Determiners	Past	약한 yakhan
	Present	약하는 yakhaneun
	Future	약할 yakhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	약하신다 yakhasinda	약하셔 yakhasyeo	약하세요, 약하셔요 yakhaseyo, yakhasyeoyo	약하십니다 yakhasimnida
	Past	약하셨다 yakhasyeotda	약하셨어 yakhasyeosseo	약하셨어요 yakhasyeosseoyo	약하셨습니다 yakhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	약하시느냐 yakhasineunya	약하셔 yakhasyeo	약하세요, 약하셔요 yakhaseyo, yakhasyeoyo	약하십니까 yakhasimnikka
	Past	약하셨느냐 yakhasyeonneunya	약하셨어 yakhasyeosseo	약하셨어요 yakhasyeosseoyo	약하셨습니까 yakhasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		약하시라 yakhasira	약하셔 yakhasyeo	약하세요 yakhaseyo	약하십시오 yakhasipsio
Assertive		약하시겠다 yakhasigetda	약하시겠어 yakhasigesseo	약하시겠어요 yakhasigesseoyo	약하시겠습니다 yakhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		약하셔 yakhasyeo	약하셔서 yakhasyeoseo	약하시니 yakhasini	약하시니까 yakhasinikka
Contrast		약하시지만 yakhasijiman	약하시는데 yakhasineunde	약하시더니 yakhasideoni
Conjunction		약하시고 yakhasigo
Condition		약하시면 yakhasimyeon	약하셔야 yakhasyeoya
Motive		약하시려고 yakhasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		약하심 yakhasim	약하시기 yakhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		약하셨음 yakhasyeosseum	약하셨기 yakhasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	약하신 yakhasin
	Present	약하시는 yakhasineun
	Future	약하실 yakhasil