숨죽이다
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Univerbation of 숨 (sum, “breath”) + 죽이다 (jugida, “to kill, cause to die, extinguish”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈsʰu(ː)md͡ʑuɡida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [숨(ː)주기다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | sumjugida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | sumjug'ida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | sumjugida |
| Yale Romanization? | swūmcwuk.ita |
Verb
[edit]숨죽이다 • (sumjugida) (infinitive 숨죽여 or 숨죽이어, sequential 숨죽이니)
- to hold one's breath, concentrate
- to be silent, quiet, suppressed
- (of vegetables, etc.) to wither, wilt, die
Conjugation
[edit] Selected forms of the verb 숨죽이다 (sumjugida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 숨죽인다 sumjuginda |
숨죽여 sumjugyeo |
숨죽여요, 숨죽이어요 sumjugyeoyo, sumjugieoyo |
숨죽입니다 sumjugimnida |
| Past | 숨죽였다 sumjugyeotda |
숨죽였어 sumjugyeosseo |
숨죽였어요 sumjugyeosseoyo |
숨죽였습니다 sumjugyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 숨죽이느냐 sumjugineunya |
숨죽여 sumjugyeo |
숨죽여요, 숨죽이어요 sumjugyeoyo, sumjugieoyo |
숨죽입니까 sumjugimnikka |
| Past | 숨죽였느냐 sumjugyeonneunya |
숨죽였어 sumjugyeosseo |
숨죽였어요 sumjugyeosseoyo |
숨죽였습니까 sumjugyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 숨죽이자 sumjugija |
숨죽여 sumjugyeo |
숨죽여요, 숨죽이어요 sumjugyeoyo, sumjugieoyo |
숨죽이십시다 sumjugisipsida | |
| Imperative | 숨죽여라, 숨죽이어라 sumjugyeora, sumjugieora |
숨죽여 sumjugyeo |
숨죽여요, 숨죽이어요 sumjugyeoyo, sumjugieoyo |
숨죽입시오 sumjugipsio | |
| Assertive | 숨죽이겠다 sumjugigetda |
숨죽이겠어 sumjugigesseo |
숨죽이겠어요 sumjugigesseoyo |
숨죽이겠습니다 sumjugigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 숨죽여 sumjugyeo |
숨죽여서, 숨죽이어서 sumjugyeoseo, sumjugieoseo |
숨죽이니 sumjugini |
숨죽이니까 sumjuginikka | |
| Contrast | 숨죽이지만 sumjugijiman |
숨죽이는데 sumjugineunde |
숨죽이더니 sumjugideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 숨죽이고 sumjugigo |
||||
| Condition | 숨죽이면 sumjugimyeon |
숨죽여야, 숨죽이어야 sumjugyeoya, sumjugieoya |
|||
| Motive | 숨죽이려고 sumjugiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 숨죽임 sumjugim |
숨죽이기 sumjugigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 숨죽였음, 숨죽이었음 sumjugyeosseum, sumjugieosseum |
숨죽였기, 숨죽이었기 sumjugyeotgi, sumjugieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 숨죽인 sumjugin | |||
| Present | 숨죽이는 sumjugineun | ||||
| Future | 숨죽일 sumjugil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 숨죽이신다 sumjugisinda |
숨죽이셔 sumjugisyeo |
숨죽이세요, 숨죽이셔요 sumjugiseyo, sumjugisyeoyo |
숨죽이십니다 sumjugisimnida |
| Past | 숨죽이셨다 sumjugisyeotda |
숨죽이셨어 sumjugisyeosseo |
숨죽이셨어요 sumjugisyeosseoyo |
숨죽이셨습니다 sumjugisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 숨죽이시느냐 sumjugisineunya |
숨죽이셔 sumjugisyeo |
숨죽이세요, 숨죽이셔요 sumjugiseyo, sumjugisyeoyo |
숨죽이십니까 sumjugisimnikka |
| Past | 숨죽이셨느냐 sumjugisyeonneunya |
숨죽이셨어 sumjugisyeosseo |
숨죽이셨어요 sumjugisyeosseoyo |
숨죽이셨습니까 sumjugisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 숨죽이시라 sumjugisira |
숨죽이셔 sumjugisyeo |
숨죽이세요 sumjugiseyo |
숨죽이십시오 sumjugisipsio | |
| Assertive | 숨죽이시겠다 sumjugisigetda |
숨죽이시겠어 sumjugisigesseo |
숨죽이시겠어요 sumjugisigesseoyo |
숨죽이시겠습니다 sumjugisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 숨죽이셔 sumjugisyeo |
숨죽이셔서 sumjugisyeoseo |
숨죽이시니 sumjugisini |
숨죽이시니까 sumjugisinikka | |
| Contrast | 숨죽이시지만 sumjugisijiman |
숨죽이시는데 sumjugisineunde |
숨죽이시더니 sumjugisideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 숨죽이시고 sumjugisigo |
||||
| Condition | 숨죽이시면 sumjugisimyeon |
숨죽이셔야 sumjugisyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 숨죽이시려고 sumjugisiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 숨죽이심 sumjugisim |
숨죽이시기 sumjugisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 숨죽이셨음 sumjugisyeosseum |
숨죽이셨기 sumjugisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 숨죽이신 sumjugisin | |||
| Present | 숨죽이시는 sumjugisineun | ||||
| Future | 숨죽이실 sumjugisil | ||||